透

透 U+900F, 透
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-900F
← 逎
[U+900E]
CJK Unified Ideographs 逐 →
[U+9010]

Translingual

Han character

透 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜竹木尸 (YHDS), four-corner 32302, composition ⿺辶秀)

References

  • KangXi: page 1257, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38876
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1742, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3842, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+900F

Chinese

trad. 透
simp. # 透
alternative forms 䞬

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 透
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l̥ʰoːs, *hljuɡ) : semantic 辵 (“walking”) + phonetic 秀 (OC *slus).

This character is not attested in the oracle bone script or bronze inscriptions.

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • thàu - vernacular;
  • thò͘/thiò/thò - literary.

Rime
Character 透
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 侯 (137)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他候切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tʰəuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/tʰəuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tʰəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tʰəwH/
Li
Rong
/tʰuH/
Wang
Li
/tʰəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tʰə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
tòu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
tau3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 透
Reading # 1/2
No. 13929
Phonetic
component
秀
Rime
group
侯
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
透
Old
Chinese
/*l̥ʰoːs/

Definitions

透

  1. to penetrate; to pass through
  2. to show; to reveal
  3. to disclose
  4. thoroughly; completely
  5. clear and thorough
  6. (~母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 透 (MC tʰəuH)
  7. (Jin or Internet slang, vulgar, derogatory) fuck
    透你媽!/透你妈!  ―  Tòu nǐ mā!  ―  Fuck your mother!
Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character 透
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 東 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 式竹切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɕɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɕiuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɕiuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɕuwk̚/
Li
Rong
/ɕiuk̚/
Wang
Li
/ɕĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɕi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
suk1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 透
Reading # 2/2
No. 13939
Phonetic
component
秀
Rime
group
覺
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
叔
Old
Chinese
/*hljuɡ/
Notes 見方言

Definitions

透

  1. (obsolete) startled; alarmed; disturbed

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 透
Kyūjitai
[1][2]

透󠄁
透+󠄁?
(Adobe-Japan1)
透󠄃
透+󠄃?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

透

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. transparent
  2. permeable, porous
  3. passable, (in the sense of objects spaced far enough apart to allow something in-between)

Readings

From Middle Chinese 透 (MC tʰəuH); compare Mandarin 透 (tòu):

  • Go-on: つ (tsu)
  • Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 透 (MC ɕɨuk̚); compare Mandarin 透 (shū):

From native Japanese roots:

Compounds

Proper noun

透(とおる) • (Tōru) 

  1. a unisex given name

透(すける) • (Sukeru) 

  1. a male given name

References

  1. “透”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
  2. 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2102 (paper), page 1103 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 透 (MC tʰəuH).

Hanja

Wikisource 透 (eumhun 사무칠 투 (samuchil tu))

  1. Hanja form? of 투 (“transparent”).
  2. Hanja form? of 투 (“permeable; pass through”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

透: Hán Nôm readings: thấu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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