罅

罅 U+7F45, 罅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F45
← 罄
[U+7F44] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 罆 →
[U+7F46]

Translingual

Han character

罅 (Kangxi radical 121, 缶+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 人山卜心木 (OUYPD), four-corner 81749, composition ⿰缶虖)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 945, character 47
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28169
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1386, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2938, character 16
  • Unihan data for U+7F45

Chinese

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (乎) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
罅 *qʰraːs
呼 *qʰaː
軤 *qʰaː
苸 *qʰaː
嘑 *qʰaː
歑 *qʰaː
謼 *qʰaː, *qʰaːs
滹 *qʰaː
乎 *ɢaː
虖 *qʰaː, *qʰʷa, *qʰaː, *qʰʷa
嫭 *ɢaːs

Etymology 1
trad. 罅
simp. # 罅
alternative forms 鏬

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “are the Cantonese and Hakka readings related?”)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 罅
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 呼訝切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /hˠaH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /hᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /haɨH/
Li
Rong		 /xaH/
Wang
Li		 /xaH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xaH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xià
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 haa3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 罅
Reading # 1/1
No. 5180
Phonetic
component		 乎
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 嚇
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰraːs/

Definitions

罅

  1. crack; gap; rift; split (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    喺A環同B環之間有條罅，呢條罅係由天文學家卡西尼發現，因此命名為卡西尼環縫。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    喺A环同B环之间有条罅，呢条罅系由天文学家卡西尼发现，因此命名为卡西尼环缝。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    From: 2006, Cantonese Wikipedia, 土星 (tou2 sing1)
    hai2 ei1 waan4 tung4 bi1 waan4 zi1 gaan1 jau5 tiu4 laa3, nei1 tiu4 laa3 hai6 jau4 tin1 man4 hok6 gaa1 kaa1 sai1 nei4 faat3 jin6, jan1 ci2 ming6 ming4 wai4 kaa1 sai1 nei4 waan4 fung4. [Jyutping]
    There is a gap in between the A Ring and B Ring; this gap was discovered by the astronomer Cassini and is thus named the Cassini Division.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 縫 (“gap; crack”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 縫
Mandarin Beijing 縫兒
Harbin 縫子
Jinan 縫兒
Luoyang 縫兒
Wanrong 縫兒
Xi'an 縫子
Wuhan 縫縫, 縫
Chengdu 縫縫
Xuzhou 縫子, 縫兒
Yangzhou 縫
Hefei 縫
Cantonese Guangzhou 罅
Hong Kong 罅
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 罅
Macau 罅
Guangzhou (Panyu) 罅
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 罅
Guangzhou (Conghua) 罅
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 罅
Foshan 罅
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 罅
Foshan (Shunde) 罅
Foshan (Sanshui) 罅
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 罅
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 罅
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 罅
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 罅
Zhuhai (Doumen) 裂
Jiangmen (Baisha) 裂
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 罅
Taishan 罅
Kaiping (Chikan) 罅
Enping (Niujiang) 罅
Heshan (Yayao) 罅
Dongguan 罅
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 罅
Yangjiang 罅
Gan Nanchang 縫
Hakka Meixian 必罅, 縫
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 罅
Dongguan (Qingxi) 罅
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 罅
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 罅
Conghua (Lütian) 裂
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 縫仔, 罅
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 縫仔, 罅
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 縫仔, 罅
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 縫, 罅
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 縫仔, 縫, 罅
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 縫
Jin Taiyuan 縫兒, 縫縫
Min Bei Jian'ou 縫
Min Dong Fuzhou 縫縫
Min Nan Xiamen 縫
Chaozhou 縫
Leizhou 縫
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 罅
Wu Shanghai 縫, 縫縫
Suzhou 縫縫, 縫
Wenzhou 縫
Jinhua 縫
Xiang Changsha 縫
Shuangfeng 罅

Compounds
  • 罅漏 (xiàlòu)
  • 罅隙 (xiàxì)
  • 隙罅
  • 髀罅
  • 𢆡罅
  • 捫隙發罅／扪隙发罅

Etymology 2
trad. 罅
simp. # 罅

Cognate with Teochew 𤰉 (la6).

Pronunciation

Definitions

罅

  1. (Hakka) enough

Etymology 3
trad. 罅
simp. # 罅
alternative forms 痚

Pronunciation

Definitions

罅

  1. Only used in 含罅.

Japanese

Kanji
罅

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings
  • Go-on: け (ke)
  • Kan-on: か (ka)
  • Kun: ひび (hibi, 罅); はぜる (hazeru, 罅ぜる)

Etymology
Kanji in this term
罅
ひび
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Noun

罅(ひび) • (hibi) 

  1. crack
    家(いえ)の壁(かべ)にひびが入(はい)る
    ie no kabe ni hibi ga hairu
    the walls of the houses have cracks

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

罅 • (ha) (hangeul 하, revised ha, McCune–Reischauer ha, Yale ha)

  1. crack, fissure, split
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