| forewarned; peace; worry | summer; Xia (proper name) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (虞夏) | 虞 | 夏 | |
| simp. #(虞夏) | 虞 | 夏 | |
edit 如下餘暇／余暇 |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 虞 | 夏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II |
| Fanqie | 遇俱切 | 胡雅切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋɨo/ | /ɦˠaX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋio/ | /ɦᵚaX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋio/ | /ɣaX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋuə̆/ | /ɦaɨX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋio/ | /ɣaX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋĭu/ | /ɣaX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋi̯u/ | /ɣaX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yú | xià |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
jyu4 | haa6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 虞 | 虞 | 夏 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yú | yú | xià |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ngju › | ‹ ngju › | ‹ hæX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ŋ]ʷ(r)a/ | /*[ŋ]ʷ(r)a/ | /*[ɢ]ˁraʔ/ |
| English | foresee | gamester; forester | great; pertaining to Chinese civilization |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 虞 | 夏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 13103 | 13452 |
| Phonetic component |
吴 | 夏 |
| Rime group |
魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
下 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋʷa/ | /*ɡraːʔ/ |