西北

Chinese
west north
trad. (西北) 西 北
simp. #(西北) 西 北

Pronunciation

Note:
  • sai-pak - vernacular (all senses);
  • se-pak - literary (“northwest; Northwestern China”).
Rime
Character 西 北
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 齊 (39) 登 (131)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) IV I
Fanqie 先稽切 博墨切
Baxter sej pok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /sei/ /pək̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sei/ /pək̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sɛi/ /pək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /sɛj/ /pək̚/
Li
Rong		 /sei/ /pək̚/
Wang
Li		 /siei/ /pək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /siei/ /pək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xī bo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 sai1 bak1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 西 北
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xī běi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sej › ‹ pok ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s-nˁər/ /*pˁək/
English west north

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 西 北
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 13236 414
Phonetic
component		 西 北
Rime
group		 微 職
Rime
subdivision		 1 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 西 北
Old
Chinese		 /*sɯːl/ /*pɯːɡ/

Noun

西北

  1. northwest
  2. (Min Nan) summer shower; convectional rain

Synonyms
  • (summer shower):
Dialectal synonyms of 雷陣雨 (“thunder shower”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 雷陣雨
Mandarin Taiwan 雷陣雨, 西北雨
Harbin 雷陣雨
Jinan 雷陣雨
Luoyang 雷陣雨
Yinchuan 雷雨
Chengdu 偏東雨, 雷陣雨
Guiyang 雷陣雨
Liuzhou 雷陣雨
Xuzhou 雷暴雨
Yangzhou 雷暴雨
Nanjing 雷陣雨, 雷雨, 雷暴雨
Cantonese Dongguan 雷陣雨
Gan Pingxiang 雷陣雨
Hakka Yudu 雷陣雨
Jin Taiyuan 忽雷雨
Xinzhou 忽雷雨
Min Dong Fuzhou 晡時雨
Fuqing 晡時雨
Min Nan Xiamen 西北雨, 西北, 方時雨
Quanzhou 西北雨, 西北
Zhangzhou 西北雨, 西北, 方時雨
Taipei 西北雨
New Taipei (Sanxia) 西北雨
Kaohsiung 西北雨
Yilan 西北雨
Changhua (Lukang) 西北雨
Taichung 西北雨
Tainan 西北雨
Hsinchu 西北雨
Kinmen 西北雨
Penghu (Magong) 西北雨
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 雷陣雨
Wu Shanghai 雷陣雨
Danyang 雷陣雨
Hangzhou 雷陣雨
Ningbo 雷雨, 雷陣雨
Jinhua 天雷雨, 天雷猛雨 stronger
Xiang Changsha 雷陣雨

Coordinate terms
西北 (xīběi) 北 東北／东北 (dōngběi)
西 (xī) 東／东 (dōng)
西南 (xīnán) 南 東南／东南 (dōngnán)

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (西北):

Proper noun

西北

  1. (～地區) Northwest China (a region of China; consisting of Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang)
  2. (～大行政區, ～區) (historical) Northwest China (a former greater administrative region of China from 1949 to 1954, consisting of Xi'an, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang)

Derived terms
  • 東南一尉，西北一候／东南一尉，西北一候

Japanese
Kanji in this term
西 北
せい
Grade: 2		 ほく
Grade: 2
on’yomi

Noun

西(せい)北(ほく) • (seihoku) 

  1. northwest

Coordinate terms
西北(せいほく) (seihoku)
北西(ほくせい) (hokusei)		 北(きた) (kita) 東北(とうほく) (tōhoku)
北東(ほくとう) (hokutō)
西(にし) (nishi) 東(ひがし) (higashi)
西南(せいなん) (seinan)
南西(なんせい) (nansei)		 南(みなみ) (minami) 東南(とうなん) (tōnan)
南東(なんとう) (nantō)

Korean
Hanja in this term
西北

Noun

西北 • (seobuk) (hangeul 서북)

  1. Hanja form? of 서북 (“northwest”).

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this term
西北

Noun

西北

  1. chữ Hán form of tây bắc (“northwest”).

Verb

西北

  1. chữ Hán form of tây bắc (“to northwest”).
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