西南

Chinese

		west	south
simp. and trad. (西南)		西	南
anagram		南西

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xīnán

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄋㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sai¹ naam⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sî-nàm
Min Nan (POJ): sai-lâm / se-lâm

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xīnán
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄋㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sinán
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹-nan²
  - Yale: syī-nán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinan
  - Palladius: синань (sinanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ nän³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    息男
    西南
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sai¹ naam⁴
  - Yale: sāi nàahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹ naam⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: sei¹ nam⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵ naːm²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî-nàm
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi´ namˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹ nam²
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi²⁴ nam¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sai-lâm
  - Tâi-lô: sai-lâm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sailaam
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sai⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se-lâm
  - Tâi-lô: se-lâm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: selaam
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /se⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /se⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /se⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

Middle Chinese: /sei nʌm/

Rime
Character	西	南
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	I
Fanqie	先稽切	那含切
Baxter	sej	nom
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sei/	/nʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/sei/	/nəm/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛi/	/nɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛj/	/nəm/
Li Rong	/sei/	/nᴀm/
Wang Li	/siei/	/nɒm/
Bernard Karlgren	/siei/	/năm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī	nán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sai¹	naam⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-nˤər nˤ[ə]m/

(Zhengzhang): /*sɯːl nuːm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	西	南
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī	nán
Middle Chinese	‹ sej ›	‹ nom ›
Old Chinese	/*s-nˁər/	/*nˁ[ə]m/
English	west	south
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	西	南
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13236	9355
Phonetic component	西	南
Rime group	微	侵
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	西	南
Old Chinese	/*sɯːl/	/*nuːm/

Noun

西南

southwest

Coordinate terms

(compass points) 方位;

西北 (xīběi)	北	東北／东北 (dōngběi)
西 (xī)		東／东 (dōng)
西南 (xīnán)	南	東南／东南 (dōngnán)

Derived terms

西南地區／西南地区 (Xīnán Dìqū)
西南季風／西南季风

西南風／西南风 (xīnánfēng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (西南):

→ Japanese: 西南(せいなん) (seinan)
→ Korean: 서남(西南) (seonam)
→ Vietnamese: tây nam (西南)

Proper noun

西南

(～地區) Southwest China (a region of China; consisting of Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and the Tibet Autonomous Region)
(～大行政區, ～區) (historical) Southwest China (a former greater administrative region of China from 1949 to 1954, consisting of Chongqing, Sichuan, Xikang, Guizhou and Yunnan)

Derived terms

西南夷 (Xīnányí)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
西	南
せい Grade: 2	なん Grade: 2
on’yomi

Noun

西(せい)南(なん) • (seinan)

southwest

Coordinate terms

(compass points) 方角(ほうがく) (hōgaku);

西北(せいほく) (seihoku) 北西(ほくせい) (hokusei)	北(きた) (kita)	東北(とうほく) (tōhoku) 北東(ほくとう) (hokutō)
西(にし) (nishi)		東(ひがし) (higashi)
西南(せいなん) (seinan) 南西(なんせい) (nansei)	南(みなみ) (minami)	東南(とうなん) (tōnan) 南東(なんとう) (nantō)

Korean

Hanja in this term
西	南

Noun

西南 • (seonam) (hangeul 서남)

Hanja form^? of 서남 (“southwest”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
西	南

Noun

西南

chữ Hán form of tây nam (“southwest”).

Verb

西南

chữ Hán form of tây nam (“to southwest”).

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