鬼神

Chinese
ghost; sly; crafty
 
God; unusual; mysterious
God; unusual; mysterious; soul; spirit; divine essence; lively; spiritual being
trad. (鬼神) 鬼 神
simp. #(鬼神) 鬼 神

Pronunciation

Noun

鬼神

  1. ghosts and spirits; supernatural beings
    迷信鬼神  ―  míxìn guǐshén  ―  to be superstitious about ghosts and spirits
    可憐夜半虛前席，不問蒼生問鬼神。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    可怜夜半虚前席，不问苍生问鬼神。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: 9th century, Li Shangyin, 賈生
    Kělián yèbàn xū qián xí, bù wèn cāngshēng wèn guǐshén. [Pinyin]
    Such a pity it is that the emperor left his seat empty at midnight, yet asking not about his people but about the supernatural.

Derived terms
Derived terms from 鬼神

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (鬼神):
  • → Japanese: 鬼神(きじん) (kijin); 鬼神(きしん) (kishin)
  • → Korean: 귀신(鬼神) (gwisin)
  • → Vietnamese: quỷ thần (鬼神)

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
鬼 神
き
Grade: S		 じん
Grade: 3
goon
Alternative spelling
鬼神 (kyūjitai)
Kanji in this term
鬼 神
き
Grade: S		 しん
Grade: 3
kan’on
Alternative spelling
鬼神 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 鬼神 (MC kʉiX ʑiɪn, “devil, devilish + god, spirit”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [kʲiɕĩɴ]

Noun

鬼(き)神(じん) or 鬼(き)神(しん) • (kijin or kishin) 

  1. a fierce god or spirit
  2. all of the spirits and souls and gods of the world
  3. (Buddhism) someone with superhuman power or ability, such as Śakra, the ruler of heaven, or a rakshasa or demon

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
鬼 神
おに
Grade: S		 かみ > がみ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
鬼神 (kyūjitai)

Compound of 鬼 (oni, “devil, demon, malevolent spirit”) +‎ 神 (kami, “spirit, god”).[2][1] The kami changes to gami as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

The term may have arisen as the native-Japanese reading of the Middle Chinese derived term kijin above.[2] Found in the Kokin Wakashū, published in roughly 905 CE.

Pronunciation

Noun

鬼(おに)神(がみ) • (onigami) 

  1. an invisible spirit, particularly a fierce one

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean
Hanja in this term
鬼神

Noun

鬼神 • (gwisin) (hangeul 귀신)

  1. Hanja form? of 귀신 (“god, ghost, or spirit”).

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this term
鬼神

Noun

鬼神

  1. chữ Hán form of quỷ thần (“god, ghost, or spirit”).
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