애

See also: oh, OH, óh, öh, он, and өн
애 U+C560, 애
HANGUL SYLLABLE AE
Composition:ㅇ + ㅐ
← 앟
[U+C55F] 		Hangul Syllables 액 →
[U+C561]

Korean
애액앢앣앤앥앦
앧앨앩앪앫앬앭
앮앯앰앱앲앳앴
앵앶앷앸앹앺앻
아 ←→ 야

Etymology 1

See 아이 (ai), of which it is a contraction.

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɛ(ː)] ~ [e̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [애(ː)/에(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ae
McCune–Reischauer?ae
Yale Romanization?āy

Noun

애 • (ae)

  1. Colloquial form of 아이 (ai, “child; kid”).
    애 생기면 결혼해야지. ― Ae saenggimyeon gyeolhonhaeyaji. ― If we get a kid, we'll have to marry.
  2. (colloquial, sometimes slightly derogatory) guy, person (usually rather young)
    Synonyms: 사람 (saram), (polite) 분 (bun)
    일본 애들 ― Ilbon ae-deul ― Japanese people
Usage notes
  • In colloquial Korean, this word is the source of most third-person human pronouns. See below.
  • 걔 (gyae, “he/she/it; close to the listener or not present at all”)
  • 걔네 (gyaene, “they; not present in the conversation”)
  • 얘 (yae, “he/she/it; close to the speaker”)
  • 얘네 (yaene, “they; close to the speaker”)
  • 쟤 (jae, “he/she/it; distant from the speaker and the listener”)
  • 쟤네 (jaene, “they; distant from the speaker and the listener”)

Etymology 2

First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 애〯 (Yale: ǎy), the original meaning being "internal organs". The original sense has been displaced by Sinitic 창자 (changja), 내장(內臟) (naejang), and the word survives only in certain expressions.

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɛ(ː)] ~ [e̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [애(ː)/에(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ae
McCune–Reischauer?ae
Yale Romanization?āy

Noun

애 • (ae)

  1. (idiomatic) anxiety; impatience
    너 때문에 애가 탄다
    neo ttaemun-e ae-ga tanda
    You make me so anxious.
    (literally, “My insides burn because of you.”)
  2. (idiomatic) trouble; effort
    일을 마무리하려고 애쓴다.
    Ir-eul mamuriharyeogo ae-sseunda.
    He makes an effort to finish the work.
    (literally, “He uses his inner organs to finish his work.”)
  3. (obsolete, original sense) internal organs, especially the intestines

Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 愛 (“love”).

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɛ(ː)] ~ [e̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [애(ː)/에(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?ae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?ae
McCune–Reischauer?ae
Yale Romanization?āy

Noun

애 • (ae) (hanja 愛)

  1. (formal) love
    Synonym: (more common) 사랑 (sarang)
  2. (Buddhism) taṇhā or "craving", one of the pratītyasamutpāda, the source of human unhappiness

Suffix

—애 • (-ae) (hanja 愛)

  1. -philia

Etymology 4

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

Syllable

애 (ae)

Extended content
  1. 愛: love
    (eumhun reading: 사랑 애 (sarang ae))
    (MC reading: 愛 (MC ʔʌiH))
  2. 涯: riverside
    (eumhun reading: 물가 애 (mulga ae))
    (MC reading: 涯 (MC ŋˠiᴇ, ŋˠɛ))
  3. 哀: sad
    (eumhun reading: 슬플 애 (seulpeul ae))
    (MC reading: 哀 (MC ʔʌi))
  4. 碍: obstruct
    (eumhun reading: 거리낄 애 (georikkil ae))
    (MC reading: 碍)
  5. 崖: cliff
    (eumhun reading: 낭떠러지 애 (nangtteoreoji ae))
    (MC reading: 崖 (MC ŋˠiᴇ, ŋˠɛ))
  6. 隘: narrow
    (eumhun reading: 좁을 애 (jobeul ae))
    (MC reading: 隘 (MC ʔˠɛH))
  7. 埃: dust
    (eumhun reading: 티끌 애 (tikkeul ae))
    (MC reading: 埃 (MC ʔʌi))
  8. 艾: mugwort
    (eumhun reading: 쑥 애 (ssuk ae))
    (MC reading: 艾 (MC ŋɑiH, ŋɨɐiH))
  9. 厓: hill
    (eumhun reading: 언덕 애 (eondeok ae))
    (MC reading: 厓 (MC ŋˠɛ))
  10. 靄: haze
    (eumhun reading: 아지랑이 애 (ajirang'i ae))
    (MC reading: 靄 (MC ʔɑiH, ʔɑt̚))
  11. 曖: dim
    (eumhun reading: 희미할 애 (huimihal ae))
    (MC reading: 曖 (MC ʔɑiH, ʔʌiH))

Middle Korean

Etymology

Semantically, compare Chinese 腸／肠 (cháng).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ǎj/

Noun

애〯 (ǎy)

  1. the inner organs, in particular:
    1. the intestines, the guts
      Synonym: 챠ᇰᄌᆞ (chyangco)
    2. the gall bladder
      Synonym: ᄡᅳᆯ게 (psulkey)
    3. (possibly) the liver (only attested in early Early Modern Korean)
      Synonym: 간 (kan)
  2. (in figurative expressions) anxiety, impatience
  3. (in figurative expressions) trouble; effort

Descendants
  • Korean: 애 (ae)
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