𐭬𐭣𐭬

Middle Persian

Alternative forms

[Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾpl /abar/)

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.

Cognates include English over, Latin super (whence English super), Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old Armenian վեր (ver), German über, Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌‎ (upaⁱri).

Logogram from Aramaic 𐡒𐡃𐡌‎ (qd̠ām, qŭd̠ām). Compare Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ‎ (qdām).

Preposition

𐭬𐭣𐭬 • (QDM abar)

up, on, over
abar āmadan ― rise (sun)

abar nišastan ― sit, be enthroned

abar nigarīdan ― consider

Descendants

Classical Persian: بر‎ (bar) (as a prefix or preposition), ‎ (abar) (as a prefix)
- Dari: ابر‎ (abar), بر‎ (bar)
- Persian: ابر‎ (abar), ‎ (bar)
- Tajik: абар (abar), бар (bar)

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “ʾpl”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 1

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