< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/geldaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Akin to Proto-Slavic *želsti (attested only in Old Church Slavonic жлѣсти (žlěsti) and Old East Slavic желести (želesti)). If not an early borrowing from Germanic, these may be from common Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ-.[1] Old Irish gell (“pledge”) may also continue the same root.[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɣel.dɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *geldaną (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *geldō | *geldaų | — | *geldai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *gildizi | *geldaiz | *geld | *geldazai | *geldaizau |
| 3rd singular | *gildidi | *geldai | *geldadau | *geldadai | *geldaidau |
| 1st dual | *geldōz | *geldaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *geldadiz | *geldaidiz | *geldadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *geldamaz | *geldaim | — | *geldandai | *geldaindau |
| 2nd plural | *gildid | *geldaid | *gildid | *geldandai | *geldaindau |
| 3rd plural | *geldandi | *geldain | *geldandau | *geldandai | *geldaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *gald | *guldį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *galst | *guldīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *gald | *guldī | |||
| 1st dual | *guldū | *guldīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *guldudiz | *guldīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *guldum | *guldīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *guldud | *guldīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *guldun | *guldīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *geldandz | *guldanaz | |||
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*geldan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 173-174
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*ʒelđanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 130-131
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