< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrey- (“to flash”), with a nasal suffix. Kroonen connects it with Old Irish grían (“sun”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɣriː.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*grīnaną[1][2]

  1. to snarl, show teeth, grin
  2. to flash, give light

Inflection
Conjugation of *grīnaną (strong class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *grīnō*grīnaų—*grīnai ?
2nd singular *grīnizi*grīnaiz*grīn*grīnazai*grīnaizau
3rd singular *grīnidi*grīnai*grīnadau*grīnadai*grīnaidau
1st dual *grīnōz*grīnaiw———
2nd dual *grīnadiz*grīnaidiz*grīnadiz——
1st plural *grīnamaz*grīnaim—*grīnandai*grīnaindau
2nd plural *grīnid*grīnaid*grīnid*grīnandai*grīnaindau
3rd plural *grīnandi*grīnain*grīnandau*grīnandai*grīnaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *grain*grinį̄
2nd singular *graint*grinīz
3rd singular *grain*grinī
1st dual *grinū*grinīw
2nd dual *grinudiz*grinīdiz
1st plural *grinum*grinīm
2nd plural *grinud*grinīd
3rd plural *grinun*grinīn
present past
participles *grīnandz*grinanaz
  • *grainōną

Descendants

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*grīnan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 190
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*ʒrīnanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 143
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