< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skainijaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskɑi̯.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology 1
Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, split”), related to *skinō (“piece, shinbone”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *skainijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skainijō | *skainijaų | — | *skainijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *skainīsi | *skainijais | *skainī | *skainijasai | *skainijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *skainīþi | *skainijai | *skainijaþau | *skainijaþai | *skainijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *skainijōs | *skainijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skainijaþiz | *skainijaiþiz | *skainijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skainijamaz | *skainijaim | — | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *skainīþ | *skainijaiþ | *skainīþ | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *skainijanþi | *skainijain | *skainijanþau | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skainidǭ | *skainidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skainidēz | *skainidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skainidē | *skainidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skainidēdū | *skainidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skainidēdudiz | *skainidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skainidēdum | *skainidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skainidēdud | *skainidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skainidēdun | *skainidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skainijandz | *skainidaz | |||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *skainijan
- Old English: sċǣnan
- Old Frisian: skēnia
- ⇒ Old High German: irskeinen
- Old Norse: skeina
Inflection
Conjugation of *skainijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skainijō | *skainijaų | — | *skainijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *skainīsi | *skainijais | *skainī | *skainijasai | *skainijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *skainīþi | *skainijai | *skainijaþau | *skainijaþai | *skainijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *skainijōs | *skainijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skainijaþiz | *skainijaiþiz | *skainijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skainijamaz | *skainijaim | — | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *skainīþ | *skainijaiþ | *skainīþ | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *skainijanþi | *skainijain | *skainijanþau | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skainidǭ | *skainidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skainidēz | *skainidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skainidē | *skainidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skainidēdū | *skainidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skainidēdudiz | *skainidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skainidēdum | *skainidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skainidēdud | *skainidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skainidēdun | *skainidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skainijandz | *skainidaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*skainjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 331-332
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