< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žędlo
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From an earlier *želdlo, formed as *želti (“to bite, to tingle”) + *-dlo, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *geldla, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH-dʰlo-m, from *gʷelH- (“to quell, to stroke”). The nasalization is secondary, result of disimilation *-ldl- > *-ndl- (a similar development occurred in *dętelъ (“woodpecker”), from an earlier *delb-telъ).
Akin to Lithuanian geluonìs (“stinger”), Latvian dzelonis (“stinger”), and Ancient Greek βέλος (bélos, “arrow, needle”).
Alternative forms
- *žilo (confused as a derivative of the intensive counterpart *ziliti of *želti)
Declension
Declension of *žędlo (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *žędlo | *žędlě | *žędla |
| Accusative | *žędlo | *žędlě | *žędla |
| Genitive | *žędla | *žędlu | *žędlъ |
| Locative | *žędlě | *žędlu | *žędlěxъ |
| Dative | *žędlu | *žędloma | *žędlomъ |
| Instrumental | *žędlъmь, *žędlomь* | *žędloma | *žędly |
| Vocative | *žędlo | *žędlě | *žędla |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Related terms
Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷelH- (0 c, 7 e)
Derived terms
- *žędliti (“to sting”)
- *žędlь (“accute pain”) (later amalgamated with *žalь (“grief, sorrow”))
- *žędlъka (“nettles”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жало”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “жело”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 533
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “жило”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 546
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “žędlo”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 560
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “žélo”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si
- "žihadlo" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, Leda, 2015, →ISBN, page 819.
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