< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mьstь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
- *mьsta
Etymology
Derived from Proto-Indo-European *meytH- / *meyth₂- (“to exchange, swap, replace”), a root extension of *mey- (“to change, to exchange”). By surface analysis, **misti (“to exchange? / return?”) + *-tь (compare *čьstь : *čisti) or **mьstъ (“mutual?”) + *-ь.
Related to Latvian mît (“to change”) (1sg. miju), Sanskrit मेथति (méthati, “to alternate”), मिथति (mitháti, “to alternate”), Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬀 (miθa, “false”), 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬡𐬀 (miθβa, “paired”), 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬡𐬀𐬥𐬀 (miθβana, “paired”), Ancient Greek μοῖτος (moîtos, “reward, thanks”), Latin mūtō (“to change”), mūtuus (“mutual, reciprocal”), Old Irish mis-, mith- (“wrong”), Old Norse missa (“loss, damage”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐍉 (missō, “each other”), English mis- < Proto-Germanic *missa- < *mitto (“mutual, reciprocal”).
Inflection
Declension of *mьstь (i-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *mьstь | *mьsti | *mьsti |
| Accusative | *mьstь | *mьsti | *mьsti |
| Genitive | *mьsti | *mьstьju, *mьsťu* | *mьstьjь, *mьsti* |
| Locative | *mьsti | *mьstьju, *mьsťu* | *mьstьxъ |
| Dative | *mьsti | *mьstьma | *mьstьmъ |
| Instrumental | *mьstьjǫ, *mьsťǫ* | *mьstьma | *mьstьmi |
| Vocative | *mьsti | *mьsti | *mьsti |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
See also
- *mъstъ
- *město
Related terms
Derived terms
- *mьstiti (“to avenge”)
- *mьstiteľь
- *mьstivъ
- *mьstьnъ
- *mьstьnikъ
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: мьсть (mĭstĭ)
- Bulgarian: мъст (mǎst)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mьstь; *mьsta”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 343
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьstь/*mьsta”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 172
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “месть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 526 (), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 1
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “месть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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