filum

See also: fílum

English

Etymology

From Latin fīlum (“thread”). Doublet of file.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈfaɪləm/
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Homophone: phylum

Noun

filum (plural fila)

  1. (anatomy) a filamentous anatomical structure

Indonesian

Noun

filum (first-person possessive filumku, second-person possessive filummu, third-person possessive filumnya)

  1. (taxonomy) phylum: A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-. Cognate with Lithuanian gysla.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

fīlum n (genitive fīlī); second declension

  1. thread, string, filament, fiber
  2. texture, style, nature
  3. wick of a lamp

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative fīlum fīla
Genitive fīlī fīlōrum
Dative fīlō fīlīs
Accusative fīlum fīla
Ablative fīlō fīlīs
Vocative fīlum fīla

Synonyms

Descendants
  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: hir, hjir, hiru
    • Romanian: fir
    • → Albanian: fill
  • Dalmatian:
  • Italo-Romance:
  • North Italian:
  • Gallo-Romance:
    • Old French: fil
      • French: fil ⇒ file (see there for further descendants)
  • Occitano-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
    • Old Leonese:
    • Old Galician-Portuguese: fio
    • Old Spanish: filo
      • Spanish: filo, hilo (see there for further descendants)
  • Insular Romance:
  • Borrowings:

References
  • “filum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “filum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • filum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • filum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French phylum.

Noun

filum n (plural filumuri)

  1. (taxonomy) phylum

Declension
Declension of filum
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) filum filumul (niște) filumuri filumurile
genitive/dative (unui) filum filumului (unor) filumuri filumurilor
vocative filumule filumurilor

References
  • filum in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN
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