trucar

Catalan

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre.[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

trucar (first-person singular present truco, past participle trucat)

  1. to hit
    Synonym: tustar
  2. to knock, to ring (at the door)
  3. to call, to ring on the telephone

Conjugation
Conjugation of trucar (first conjugation)
infinitive trucar
present participle trucant
past participle masculine feminine
singular trucat trucada
plural trucats trucades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present truco truques truca truquem truqueu truquen
imperfect trucava trucaves trucava trucàvem trucàveu trucaven
future trucaré trucaràs trucarà trucarem trucareu trucaran
preterite truquí trucares trucà trucàrem trucàreu trucaren
conditional trucaria trucaries trucaria trucaríem trucaríeu trucarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present truqui truquis truqui truquem truqueu truquin
imperfect truqués truquessis truqués truquéssim truquéssiu truquessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
— truca truqui truquem truqueu truquin

Derived terms

References
  1. Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “*trūdicare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 13: To–Tyrus, page 329

Further reading

Galician

Etymology

Perhaps from Old Occitan trucar,[1] from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /tɾuˈkaɾ/

Verb

trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)

  1. to bang head with head (for example, the rams during a fight)
  2. to knock
  3. to charge
  4. (figurative) to argue

Conjugation
  • Note: truc- are changed to truqu- before front vowels (e).
Conjugation of trucar
singular plural
person first second third first second third
Infinitive eu ti el/ela/Vde. nós vós eles/elas/Vdes.
impersonal trucar
personal trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucaren
Gerund
trucando
Past participle singular plural
masculine trucado trucados
feminine trucada trucadas
Indicative eu ti el/ela/Vde. nós vós eles/elas/Vdes.
present truco trucas truca trucamos trucades trucan
imperfect trucaba trucabas trucaba trucabamos trucabades trucaban
preterite truquei trucaches trucou trucamos trucastes trucaron
pluperfect trucara trucaras trucara trucaramos trucarades trucaran
future trucarei trucarás trucará trucaremos trucaredes trucarán
conditional trucaría trucarías trucaría trucariamos trucariades trucarían
Subjunctive eu ti el/ela/Vde. nós vós eles/elas/Vdes.
present truque truques truque truquemos truquedes truquen
preterite trucase trucases trucase trucásemos trucásedes trucasen
future trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucaren
Imperative – ti el/ela/Vde. nós vós eles/elas/Vdes.
affirmative – truca truque truquemos trucade truquen
negative – truques truque truquemos truquedes truquen

Synonyms

Derived terms

References
  1. Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “trocar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Occitan

Pronunciation
  • Audio(file)

Verb

trucar

  1. to hit; to strike

Conjugation
    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
simple compound
infinitive trucar aver trucat
gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle trucat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present truqui trucas truca trucam trucatz trucan
imperfect trucavi trucavas trucava trucàvem trucàvetz trucavan
preterite truquèri truquères truquèt truquèrem truquèretz truquèron
future trucarai trucaràs trucarà trucarem trucaretz trucaràn
conditional trucariái trucariás trucariá trucariam trucariatz trucarián
conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present truque truques truque truquem truquetz truquen
imperfect truquèssi truquèsses truquèsse truquèssem truquèssetz truquèsson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
truca truquem trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Auvernhàs
simple compound
infinitive trucar aver trucat
gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle trucat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present truque truques truca trucam trucatz trucon
imperfect trucave trucaves trucava trucaviam trucaviatz trucavon
preterite truquere truqueres truquet truquem truquetz truqueron
future trucarai trucaràs trucará trucarem trucaretz trucarán
conditional trucariá trucariás trucariá trucariam trucariatz trucarián
conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present truque truques truque trucassiam trucassiatz trucon
imperfect truquesse truquesses truquesse truquessiam truquessiatz truquesson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
truca trucassiam trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Gascon
simple compound
infinitive trucar aver trucat
gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle trucat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present truqui trucas truca trucam trucatz trucan
imperfect trucavi trucavas trucava trucàvam trucàvatz trucavan
preterite truquèi truquès truquè truquèm truquètz truquèn
future trucarèi trucaràs trucarà trucaram trucaratz trucaràn
conditional trucarí trucarés trucaré trucarem trucaretz trucarén
conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present truqui truques truque truquem truquetz truquen
imperfect truquèssi truquèsses truquèsse truquèssem truquèssetz truquèssen
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
truca truquem trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Lemosin
simple compound
infinitive trucar aver trucat
gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle trucat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present truque trucas truca trucam trucatz trucan
imperfect trucava trucavas trucava trucàvam trucàvatz trucavan
preterite truquei truqueras truquet truquèram truquèratz truqueran
future trucarai trucaràs trucará trucarem trucaretz trucarán
conditional trucariá trucariàs trucariá trucariam trucariatz trucarián
conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present truque truques truque truquem truquetz truquen
imperfect truquèsse truquèsses truquèsse truquèssem truquèssetz truquèssen
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
truca truquem trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Provençau
simple compound
infinitive trucar aver trucat
gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle trucat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present truque truques truca trucam trucatz trucan
imperfect trucavi trucavas trucava trucàvem trucàvetz trucavan
preterite truquère truquères truquèt truqueriam truqueriatz truquèron
future trucarai trucaràs trucarà trucarem trucaretz trucaràn
conditional trucariáu trucariás trucariá trucariam trucariatz trucarián
conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present truque truques truque truquem truquetz trucan
imperfect truquèsse truquèsses truquèsse truquessiam truquessiatz truquèsson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
truca truquem trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Synonyms

Portuguese

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /tɾuˈka(ʁ)/ [tɾuˈka(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /tɾuˈka(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /tɾuˈka(ʁ)/ [tɾuˈka(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /tɾuˈka(ɻ)/

Etymology 1

From truque +‎ -ar.

Verb

trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)

  1. (intransitive, card games) to make the first bid (in the game of truque)
Conjugation
    Conjugation of trucar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal trucar
Personal trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
Gerund
trucando
Past participle
Masculine trucado trucados
Feminine trucada trucadas
Indicative
Present truco trucas truca trucamos trucais trucam
Imperfect trucava trucavas trucava trucávamos trucáveis trucavam
Preterite truquei trucaste trucou trucamos1, trucámos2 trucastes trucaram
Pluperfect trucara trucaras trucara trucáramos trucáreis trucaram
Future trucarei trucarás trucará trucaremos trucareis trucarão
Conditional
trucaria trucarias trucaria trucaríamos trucaríeis trucariam
Subjunctive
Present truque truques truque truquemos truqueis truquem
Imperfect trucasse trucasses trucasse trucássemos trucásseis trucassem
Future trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
Imperative
Affirmative truca truque truquemos trucai truquem
Negative (não) não truques não truque não truquemos não truqueis não truquem

1Brazil.
2Portugal.

References

Etymology 2

From truca +‎ -ar.

Verb

trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)

  1. (intransitive, film) to do trick photography
Conjugation
    Conjugation of trucar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal trucar
Personal trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
Gerund
trucando
Past participle
Masculine trucado trucados
Feminine trucada trucadas
Indicative
Present truco trucas truca trucamos trucais trucam
Imperfect trucava trucavas trucava trucávamos trucáveis trucavam
Preterite truquei trucaste trucou trucamos1, trucámos2 trucastes trucaram
Pluperfect trucara trucaras trucara trucáramos trucáreis trucaram
Future trucarei trucarás trucará trucaremos trucareis trucarão
Conditional
trucaria trucarias trucaria trucaríamos trucaríeis trucariam
Subjunctive
Present truque truques truque truquemos truqueis truquem
Imperfect trucasse trucasses trucasse trucássemos trucásseis trucassem
Future trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
Imperative
Affirmative truca truque truquemos trucai truquem
Negative (não) não truques não truque não truquemos não truqueis não truquem

1Brazil.
2Portugal.

References

Spanish

Alternative forms
  • truquear (Ecuador, Nicaragua, Peru, Puerto Rico)

Etymology

From truco +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /tɾuˈkaɾ/ [t̪ɾuˈkaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: tru‧car

Verb

trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truqué, past participle trucado)

  1. to tune up, soup up (modify a motor vehicle)
  2. to rig

Conjugation
    Conjugation of trucar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive trucar
gerund trucando
past participle masculine feminine
singular trucado trucada
plural trucados trucadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present truco trucastú
trucásvos		 truca trucamos trucáis trucan
imperfect trucaba trucabas trucaba trucábamos trucabais trucaban
preterite truqué trucaste trucó trucamos trucasteis trucaron
future trucaré trucarás trucará trucaremos trucaréis trucarán
conditional trucaría trucarías trucaría trucaríamos trucaríais trucarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present truque truquestú
truquésvos2		 truque truquemos truquéis truquen
imperfect
(ra)		 trucara trucaras trucara trucáramos trucarais trucaran
imperfect
(se)		 trucase trucases trucase trucásemos trucaseis trucasen
future1 trucare trucares trucare trucáremos trucareis trucaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative trucatú
trucávos		 truque truquemos trucad truquen
negative no truques no truque no truquemos no truquéis no truquen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of trucar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive trucar
dative trucarme trucarte trucarle, trucarse trucarnos trucaros trucarles, trucarse
accusative trucarme trucarte trucarlo, trucarla, trucarse trucarnos trucaros trucarlos, trucarlas, trucarse
with gerund trucando
dative trucándome trucándote trucándole, trucándose trucándonos trucándoos trucándoles, trucándose
accusative trucándome trucándote trucándolo, trucándola, trucándose trucándonos trucándoos trucándolos, trucándolas, trucándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative truca
dative trúcame trúcate trúcale trúcanos not used trúcales
accusative trúcame trúcate trúcalo, trúcala trúcanos not used trúcalos, trúcalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative trucá
dative trucame trucate trucale trucanos not used trucales
accusative trucame trucate trucalo, trucala trucanos not used trucalos, trucalas
with formal second-person singular imperative truque
dative trúqueme not used trúquele, trúquese trúquenos not used trúqueles
accusative trúqueme not used trúquelo, trúquela, trúquese trúquenos not used trúquelos, trúquelas
with first-person plural imperative truquemos
dative not used truquémoste truquémosle truquémonos truquémoos truquémosles
accusative not used truquémoste truquémoslo, truquémosla truquémonos truquémoos truquémoslos, truquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative trucad
dative trucadme not used trucadle trucadnos trucaos trucadles
accusative trucadme not used trucadlo, trucadla trucadnos trucaos trucadlos, trucadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative truquen
dative trúquenme not used trúquenle trúquennos not used trúquenles, trúquense
accusative trúquenme not used trúquenlo, trúquenla trúquennos not used trúquenlos, trúquenlas, trúquense

Derived terms

Further reading
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