傷心

See also: 伤心

Chinese

		injure; injury; wound	heart; mind
trad. (傷心)		傷	心
simp. (伤心)		伤	心

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shāngxīn

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤㄒㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹ sam¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sông-sîm

(Meixian, Guangdong): song¹ xim¹
Min Bei (KCR): sióng-séng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): siong-sim / siang-sim

(Teochew, Peng'im): siên¹ sim¹ / sion¹ sim¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹saan-xin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shāngxīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤㄒㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shangsin
  - Wade–Giles: shang¹-hsin¹
  - Yale: shāng-syīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shangshin
  - Palladius: шансинь (šansinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng¹ sam¹
  - Yale: sēung sām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹ sam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹ sem¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sông-sîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: song´ xim´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: song¹ xim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɕim²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: song¹ xim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sɔŋ⁴⁴ ɕim⁴⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sióng-séng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɔŋ⁵⁴ seiŋ⁵⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong-sim
  - Tâi-lô: siong-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siongsym
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɕim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɔŋ³³ ɕim³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɕim⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang-sim
  - Tâi-lô: siang-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siangsym
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɕim⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: siên¹ sim¹ / sion¹ sim¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sieⁿ sim / sioⁿ sim
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sĩẽ³³⁻²³ sim³³/, /sĩõ³³⁻²³ sim³³/

Note:

siên1 sim1 - Chaozhou;
sion1 sim1 - Jieyang.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ¹saan-xin
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɑ̃⁵⁵ ɕɪɲ²¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɕɨɐŋ siɪm/

Rime
Character	傷	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	式羊切	息林切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨɐŋ/	/siɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɐŋ/	/sim/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiɑŋ/	/sjem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨaŋ/	/sim/
Li Rong	/ɕiaŋ/	/siəm/
Wang Li	/ɕĭaŋ/	/sĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯aŋ/	/si̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shāng	xīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng¹	sam¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥aŋ səm/

(Zhengzhang): /*hljaŋ slɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傷	心
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shāng	xīn
Middle Chinese	‹ syang ›	‹ sim ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥aŋ/	/*səm/
English	wound	heart
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傷	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	14581	13801
Phonetic component	昜	心
Rime group	陽	侵
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	商	心
Old Chinese	/*hljaŋ/	/*slɯm/

Adjective

傷心

sad; grieved; brokenhearted
我越想越覺得傷心。 [MSC, trad.]
我越想越觉得伤心。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ yuè xiǎng yuè juéde shāngxīn. [Pinyin]
The more I think, the sadder I feel.

Synonyms

edit

Synonyms of 傷心

京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
刺心 (cìxīn)
哀切 (āiqiè)
哀怨 (āiyuàn)
哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
哀痛 (āitòng)
心酸 (xīnsuān)
悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
悲哀 (bēi'āi)
悲戚 (bēiqī)
悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
悲痛 (bēitòng)
悲苦 (bēikǔ)
愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
沉痛 (chéntòng)
痛心 (tòngxīn)
酸心 (suānxīn)
青凊 (Min Nan)
黯然 (ànrán)
傷悲／伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
傷感／伤感 (shānggǎn)
傷懷／伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
傷痛／伤痛 (shāngtòng)
傷神／伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
哀傷／哀伤 (āishāng)
哀悽／哀凄 (āiqī)
哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng)
悱惻／悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)

悲傷／悲伤 (bēishāng)
悲悽／悲凄 (bēiqī)
悲愴／悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
悲慘／悲惨 (bēicǎn)
悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)
悲涼／悲凉 (bēiliáng)
悽惶／凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
悽愴／凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
悽戚／凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
情傷／情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
惻然／恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
愀愴／愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
感傷／感伤 (gǎnshāng)
愴然／怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
慘／惨 (cǎn)
慘悽／惨凄 (cǎnqī)
慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
憂傷／忧伤 (yōushāng)
憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)
憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
憯懍／憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
懤懤／㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
淒切／凄切 (qīqiè)
淒惻／凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
淒慘／凄惨 (qīcǎn)
淒楚／凄楚 (qīchǔ)
淒涼／凄凉 (qīliáng)
淒然／凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
難受／难受 (nánshòu)
難過／难过 (nánguò)

Verb

傷⫽心 (verb-object) (intransitive)

to break the heart of someone; to make someone sad; to aggrieve
難道你不知道你現在已經傷了很多人的心嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
难道你不知道你现在已经伤了很多人的心吗？ [MSC, simp.]
Nándào nǐ bù zhīdào nǐ xiànzài yǐjīng shāng le hěn duō rén de xīn ma? [Pinyin]
Don’t you know that you have broken the hearts of many people?
- 是故懷戚者聞之，莫不憯懍慘悽，愀愴傷心。 [MSC, trad.]
  是故怀戚者闻之，莫不憯懔惨凄，愀怆伤心。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 《琴賦》(A Composition on the Qin) by Ji Kang (223–262); 1941 translation by Robert van Gulik
  Shìgù huái qī zhě wén zhī, mòbù cǎnlǐn cǎnqī, qiǎochuàng shāngxīn. [Pinyin]
  If the downcast hear this music, they will all be sorrowful and pained, grief will wound their hearts, and they cannot refrain from mournful wails.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (傷心):

→ Japanese: 傷(しょう)心(しん) (shōshin)
→ Korean: 상심(傷心) (sangsim)
→ Vietnamese: thương tâm (傷心)

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