僚

See also: 𠆨
僚 U+50DA, 僚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-50DA
← 僙
[U+50D9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 僛 →
[U+50DB]
僚 U+F9BB, 僚
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9BB
← 了
[U+F9BA] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 寮 →
[U+F9BC]

Translingual

Han character

僚 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+12, 14 strokes, cangjie input 人大金火 (OKCF), four-corner 24296, composition ⿰亻尞)

Derived characters
  • 𡒭

References

Chinese

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 僚
Oracle bone script

j18875

Small seal script

s05694

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (尞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
簝 *reːw, *reːw
潦 *reːwʔ, *reːws
獠 *reːwʔ, *ʔr'eːwʔ, *reːw
轑 *reːwʔ
橑 *reːwʔ, *reːw
燎 *rew, *rewʔ, *rews
繚 *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ
璙 *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːws
憭 *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ
爒 *rewʔ, *reːwʔ
僚 *rewʔ, *reːw
嫽 *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːws
療 *rews
膫 *rews, *reːw
鷯 *rews, *reːw
遼 *reːw
撩 *reːw, *reːwʔ
嘹 *reːw, *reːw, *reːws
寮 *reːw
飉 *reːw
竂 *reːw
鐐 *reːw, *reːws
蟟 *reːw
瞭 *reːw, *reːwʔ
嶚 *reːw
镽 *reːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rewʔ, *reːw) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 尞 ().

Pronunciation 1
simp. and trad.
 僚
2nd round simp. 𠆨
alternative forms 寮
尞

Rime
Character 僚 僚
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 蕭 (93) 宵 (91)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) IV III
Fanqie 落蕭切 力小切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /leu/ /liᴇuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /leu/ /liɛuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /leu/ /ljæuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lɛw/ /liawX/
Li
Rong		 /leu/ /liɛuX/
Wang
Li		 /lieu/ /lĭɛuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /lieu/ /li̯ɛuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 liáo liǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 liu4 liu5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 僚
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 liáo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ lew ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[r]ˁew/
English office or position

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 僚 僚
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 8084 8095
Phonetic
component		 尞 尞
Rime
group		 宵 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 繚 聊
Old
Chinese		 /*rewʔ/ /*reːw/

Definitions

僚

  1. official; bureaucrat
    官僚  ―  guānliáo  ―  bureaucrat
  2. colleague; associate; companion
    同僚  ―  tóngliáo  ―  colleague; coworker
  3. a surname

Compounds
  • 下僚
  • 僚佐 (liáozuǒ)
  • 僚友
  • 同僚 (tóngliáo)
  • 大僚
  • 官僚 (guānliáo)
  • 官僚政治

Pronunciation 2
simp. and trad.
 僚

Definitions

僚

  1. † good; beautiful

Pronunciation 3
simp. and trad.
 僚

Definitions

僚

  1. (historical) Alternative form of 䝤 (lǎo, “an ancient tribe in southwestern China”).

References

Japanese

Kanji
僚

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. colleague
  2. official
  3. companion

Readings

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 僚 (MC leu, liᴇuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 료 (lyo) (Yale: lyo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 僚 (eumhun 동료 료 (dongnyo ryo), South Korea 동료 요 (dongnyo yo))

  1. Hanja form? of 료/요 (“colleague”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

僚: Hán Nôm readings: liêu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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