割

割 U+5272, 割
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5272
← 剱
[U+5271] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 剳 →
[U+5273]

割 U+2F822, 割
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F822
← 剆
[U+2F821] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 剷 →
[U+2F823]

Translingual

Han character

割 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十口中弓 (JRLN), four-corner 32600, composition ⿰害刂)

Derived characters
  • 𢵷, 𥢫, 𫗛, 𦺧, 𬕲, 𫦢

References

Chinese
trad. 割
simp. # 割
2nd round simp. 刈
alternative forms 㓣 ancient
𠛛
𠛷

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (害) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
轄 *kʰaːds, *ɡraːd
害 *ɡaːds
犗 *kraːds
幰 *qʰanʔ
攇 *qʰanʔ
憲 *hŋans
瀗 *qʰans
割 *kaːd
磍 *kreːd, *kʰraːd
瞎 *qʰraːd
鎋 *ɡraːd
鶷 *ɡraːd
縖 *ɡraːd
豁 *qʰʷaːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaːd) : phonetic 害 (OC *ɡaːds) + semantic 刂.

Etymology

According to Schuessler (2007), from Sino-Tibetan and an area word. Externally, cognate with Tibetan འགས་པ ('gas pa, “to split; to break; to burst apart”), Proto-Mon-Khmer *kat ~ *kaat (“to cut”), whence Khmer កាត់ (kat, “to cut”) and Proto-South-Bahnaric *kat ("to chop; to cut"). Within Chinese, cognate with 害 (OC *ɡaːds, “to harm; to injure”), and 犗 (OC *kraːds, “to castrate”), which is perhaps the r-causative of 割 (OC *kaːd).

On the other hand, STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-ra-t (“cut; slash”), to which 害 (OC *ɡaːds, “to harm; to injure”), 犗 (OC *kraːds, “to castrate”), 剌 (OC *raːd, “to cut; perverse”) are also compared. Descended from the Proto-Sino-Tibetan root are Tibetan དྲ་བ (dra ba, “to cut”) and Burmese ရှန (hra.na., “wounded”).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • koah - vernacular;
  • kat - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 割
Mandarin Beijing /kɤ⁵⁵/
Harbin /ka²¹³/
/ka⁴⁴/
/ka²⁴/
/kɤ²¹³/
/kɤ²⁴/
Tianjin /kɤ²¹/
Jinan /kə²¹³/
/ka²¹³/
Qingdao /ka⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kɤ²⁴/
Xi'an /kɤ²¹/
Xining /ku⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kə¹³/
Lanzhou /kə¹³/
Ürümqi /kɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /kuo²¹³/
Chengdu /ko³¹/
Guiyang /ko²¹/
Kunming /ko³¹/
Nanjing /koʔ⁵/
Hefei /kɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kaʔ²/
Pingyao /kʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /kəʔ⁵/
Suzhou /kəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /kɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /kø²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /kuːə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ko²⁴/
Xiangtan /ko²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kɵʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kot̚¹/
Taoyuan /kot̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kɔt̚³/
Nanning /kɔt̚³³/
Hong Kong /kɔt̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kat̚³²/
/kuaʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kɑʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kuaʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kua⁵⁵/
Rime
Character 割
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 寒 (63)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古達切
Baxter kat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kat̚/
Li
Rong		 /kɑt̚/
Wang
Li		 /kɑt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ge
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 got3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 割
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gē
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kat ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Cə-kˁat/
English cut (v.); harm (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 割
Reading # 1/1
No. 4851
Phonetic
component		 害
Rime
group		 月
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 葛
Old
Chinese		 /*kaːd/

Definitions

割

  1. to cut; to cut apart
  2. to divide; to cut apart; to break up; to partition; to split
  3. 70th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "severance" (𝍋)
  4. to cut in self-harm; short for 割腕 (gēwàn).
  5. (literary, or in compounds) to give up; to abandon; to reject; to discard
Synonyms
  • (to divide):
  • (to give up):
Synonyms of 割

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (割):
  • → Japanese: 割(かち) (kachi); 割(かつ) (katsu)
  • → Korean: 할(割) (hal)

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

割

  1. Only used in 割包 (gēbāo).

References

Japanese
Shinjitai 割
Kyūjitai
[1][2]
割
&#x2F822;
or
割+&#xFE00;?
割󠄀
割+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
割󠄅
割+&#xE0105;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
割

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 割)

  1. divide, cut
  2. proportion

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
割
わり
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

割(わり) • (wari) 

  1. proportion
    割(わり)に合(あ)わない
    wari ni awanai
    unfit for the proportion
  2. tenth
    二(に)割(わり)
    ni wari
    two-tenths

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
割
かつ
Grade: 6
on’yomi

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ka̠t͡sɨᵝ]

Affix

割(かつ) • (katsu) 

  1. cut; division

References
  1. 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 308 (paper), page 204 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
  2. 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 228 (paper), page 126 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

割 (eumhun 벨 할 (bel hal))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Miyako

Kanji

割

Vietnamese

Han character

割: Hán Nôm readings: cát, cắt, xắt, cạt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yaeyama

Kanji

割

Yonaguni

Kanji

割

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