師
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Translingual
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Han character
師 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹口一中月 (HRMLB), four-corner 21727, composition ⿰𠂤帀)
Descendants
References
- KangXi: page 331, character 35
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8916
- Dae Jaweon: page 637, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 740, character 2
- Unihan data for U+5E2B
Chinese
| trad. | 師 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 师 | |
| alternative forms | 𠦵 𠵀 𢂖 𢃋 𨸲 𠦵 𠵀 𢂖 𢃋 𨸲 𨸴 𩇱 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 師 | |
|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Warring States |
| Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (師) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 𠂤 (“mound, hill”) + 帀 – ancient troops were usually stationed at a hill.
Each of the two components can be used as 師 on their own in preclassical scripts. The significance of 帀 is debated.
Etymology
Starostin derives this word from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rij (“many”), cognate with 皆 (OC *kriːj, “all”), 偕 (OC *kriːj, “together with”), as well as Tibetan ཁྲི (khri, “ten thousand”) and Burmese ရဲ (rai:, “police”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
師
- (historical, military) division of 2500 soldiers
- 我徒我御，我師我旅。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Wǒ tú wǒ yù, wǒ shī wǒ lǚ. [Pinyin]
- We went along on foot; we rode in our chariots; our 2500-strong regiment, and our 500-strong battalions.
我徒我御，我师我旅。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (military) division; a large body of troops composing part of an army
- army; troops; armed force
- to dispatch troops; to send troops
- the masses; populace; general public
- (historical) A former level of administrative division notionally covering 36,000 households or 1/12 of a province.
- 八家為鄰，三鄰為朋，三朋為里，五里為邑，十邑為鄉，十鄉為都，十都為師，州十有二師焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: circa 227, Zhang Yi, Guangya
- Bā jiā wéi lín, sān lín wéi péng, sān péng wéi lǐ, wǔ lǐ wéi yì, shí yì wéi xiāng, shí xiāng wéi dū, shí dū wéi shī, zhōu shí yǒu èr shī yān. [Pinyin]
- 8 families is a neighborhood, 3 neighborhoods is a community, 3 communities is a village, 5 villages is a town, 10 towns is a district, 10 districts is a prefecture, 12 prefectures is a province.
八家为邻，三邻为朋，三朋为里，五里为邑，十邑为乡，十乡为都，十都为师，州十有二师焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- capital city; metropolis
- 予惟乙卯，朝至于洛師。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Documents, circa 7th – 4th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yǔ wéi yǐmǎo, cháo zhì yú Luòshī. [Pinyin]
- On the day Yi-mao, I came in the morning to this capital of Luo.
予惟乙卯，朝至于洛师。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- strategist; military adviser
- leader; chief; commander; head; captain
- teacher; instructor
- master; expert; specialist
- (Min Dong) to be an expert in; adept at; capable
- (Min Dong) Respectful term of address for an expert in a trade or profession.
- (religion) Respectful title for monks, nuns and Taoist priests.
- (historical) musician
- model; example; fine example (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- to follow; to imitate; to follow the example of
- “Army” (䷆): the seventh hexagram of the I Ching
- a surname
Compounds
Derived terms from 師
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References
- “師”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01174
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 師 (MC ʃˠiɪ). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so) (Yale: so) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Compounds
Vietnamese
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