蜜
|
Translingual
Han character
蜜 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十心竹戈 (JPHI), four-corner 30136, composition ⿱宓虫)
References
- KangXi: page 1085, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33143
- Dae Jaweon: page 1553, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2866, character 7
- Unihan data for U+871C
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
蜜 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𧖅 |
Glyph origin
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
泌 | *mpriɡs, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
秘 | *mpriɡs |
毖 | *priɡs |
閟 | *priɡs |
柲 | *priɡs, *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
鉍 | *priɡs, *priɡ |
邲 | *priɡs, *bliɡ, *briɡ |
覕 | *pliŋs, *mbliːɡ |
咇 | *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
苾 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
馝 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
飶 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
鴓 | *mbliːɡ |
鮅 | *pliɡ, *bliɡ |
必 | *pliɡ |
珌 | *pliɡ |
佖 | *bliɡ, *briɡ |
駜 | *bliɡ, *briɡ |
怭 | *bliɡ |
妼 | *bliɡ |
宓 | *mriɡ, *mliɡ |
樒 | *mriɡ |
密 | *mriɡ |
蔤 | *mriɡ |
滵 | *mriɡ |
蜜 | *mliɡ |
謐 | *mliɡ |
榓 | *mliɡ |
淧 | *mliɡ |
瑟 | *smriɡ, *smriɡ |
璱 | *sriɡ |
飋 | *sriɡ |
虙 | *blɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mliɡ) : phonetic 宓 (OC *mriɡ, *mliɡ) + semantic 虫 (“insect”).
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Tocharian *ḿətə, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“mead”). Cognate with Tocharian B mit (“honey”), English mead, German Met (“mead”), Northern Sami mjöd (“mead”), Sanskrit मधु (madhu, “honey”), Greek μέθη (méthi, “drunkenness”), Polish miód (“honey”), Russian мёд (mjod, “honey”), Old Church Slavonic медъ (medŭ, “honey”).
Sense “mistress, young girl” is additionally a phono-semantic matching of English miss.
Pronunciation
Definitions
蜜
- honey
- 以色列啊,你要聽,要謹守遵行,使你可以在那流奶與蜜之地得以享福,人數極其增多,正如耶和華——你列祖的神所應許你的。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 申命記 (Deuteronomy) 6:3
- Yǐsèliè a, nǐ yào tīng, yào jǐnshǒu zūnxíng, shǐ nǐ kěyǐ zài nà liú nǎi yǔ mì zhī dì déyǐ xiǎngfú, rénshù jíqí zēngduō, zhèngrú Yēhéhuá — nǐ lièzǔ de Shén suǒ yīngxǔ nǐ de. [Pinyin]
- Hear therefore, O Israel, and observe to do it; that it may be well with thee, and that ye may increase mightily, as the Lord God of thy fathers hath promised thee, in the land that floweth with milk and honey.
以色列啊,你要听,要谨守遵行,使你可以在那流奶与蜜之地得以享福,人数极其增多,正如耶和华——你列祖的神所应许你的。 [MSC, simp.]
- the colour of honey; honey-coloured
- 蜜色 ― mìsè ― colour of honey
- beeswax
- 蜜燭/蜜烛 ― mìzhú ― candle
- (dialectal Cantonese) bee; honeybee
- sweet
- mistress, young girl
Synonyms
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 蜜 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 蜂蜜 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 蜂蜜 |
Taiwan | 蜂蜜 | |
Jinan | 蜂蜜, 蜜 | |
Xi'an | 蜂蜜, 蜂糖 | |
Wuhan | 蜂蜜 | |
Chengdu | 蜂糖, 蜂蜜 | |
Guilin | 蜂蜜 | |
Yangzhou | 蜂蜜, 蜜 | |
Hefei | 蜂蜜 | |
Malaysia | 蜂蜜, 蜜糖 | |
Singapore | 蜂蜜, 蜜糖 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 蜜糖 |
Hong Kong | 蜜糖 | |
Taishan | 蜜糖 | |
Yangjiang | 蜜糖 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 蜜糖, 蜜 |
Hakka | Meixian | 蜂糖 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 蜂糖 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 蜂糖 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 蜂糖 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 蜂糖 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 蜂糖 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 蜂糖 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 蜂蜜, 蜜 |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 蜂糖 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 蜂蜜, 蜜 |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 蜂蜜, 蜜 |
Quanzhou | 蜂蜜, 蜜 | |
Zhangzhou | 蜂蜜, 蜜 | |
Taipei | 蜂蜜, 蜜 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 蜜糖 | |
Chaozhou | 蜂蜜 | |
Puxian Min | Putian | 冬蜜 |
Putian (Donghai) | 蜂蜜 | |
Putian (Jiangkou) | 冬蜜 | |
Putian (Nanri) | 蜂蜜, 冬蜜 | |
Xianyou | 蜂蜜, 冬蜜 | |
Xianyou (Fengting) | 蜂蜜 | |
Xianyou (Youyang) | 蜂蜜 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 蜜糖 |
Suzhou | 蜜糖, 蜜 | |
Wenzhou | 蜜, 蜂蜜 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 蜜糖 |
Shuangfeng | 蜂糖, 蜜糖 |
Descendants
Compounds
|
Japanese
Compounds
- 波羅蜜 (haramitsu), 波羅蜜多 (haramitta, “perfection, completeness”, in Buddhism)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
蜜 |
みつ Grade: S |
goon |
/mitɨ/ → /mitʉ/ → /mit͡su/
From Middle Chinese 蜜 (MC miɪt̚).
Noun
蜜 • (mitsu)
Derived terms
- 蜜砂糖 (mitsuzatō)
- 蜜腺 (mitsusen)
- 蜜蜂 (mitsubachi)
- 蜜蝋 (mitsurō)
- 餡蜜 (anmitsu)
- 黒蜜 (kuromitsu)
- 氷蜜 (kōrimitsu, “finely ground rock candy cooked with egg white, mixed with cold water as a beverage”)
- 砂糖蜜 (satō mitsu, “sugar syrup”)
- 白蜜 (shiromitsu, “light-colored honey”)
- 石蜜 (sekimitsu, “crystallized honey; rock candy”)
- 酥蜜, 蘇蜜 (somitsu, “mixture of butter fat and honey, used medicinally or as a sweetener”)
- 蜂蜜 (hachimitsu)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
蜜 |
みち Grade: S |
goon |
/mitɨ/ → /mit͡ɕi/
Alternative reading of mitsu above.
Usage notes
Only used on its own. Not used in compounds.
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 蜜 (MC miɪt̚). See the Hangul entry at 밀 (mil, “beeswax”) for the etymology concerning the “beeswax” sense.
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 미ᇙ〮 (Yale: mílq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | ᄭᅮᆯ〮 (Yale: skwúl) | 밀〮 (Yale: míl) |
Pronunciation
- (honey):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [miɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [밀]
- (beeswax):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mi(ː)ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [밀(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.