ܗܘܐ

Related to Hebrew הָיָה‎ (hayá).

• (standard) IPA^(key): [hɑːweː]

ܗܵܘܹܐ • (hāwē) (present participle ܗܘܵܝܵܐ‎ (hwāyā), past participle ܗܸܘܝܵܐ‎ (hiwyā))

1. to be, exist: connects a noun to a prepositional phrase or adjective describing it
   • Genesis 1:3:

     ‏ܘܐ݇ܡܝܼܪܹܗ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ: «ܗܵܘܹܐ ܒܲܗܪܵܐ، ܘܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܒܲܗܪܵܐ».‎‎

     w-mīrēh allāhā: “hāwē bahrā, w-wē lēh bahrā”.

     And God said: “Let there be light. And there was light.”

   ‏ܒܲܝܬܵܐ ܣܡܘܿܩܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ.‎‎ ― the house was red.

   ‏ܪܲܕܵܝܬܵܐ ܚܲܕܬܬܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇.‎‎ ― the car is new.

2. to happen, take place, occur

   ‏ܥܵܓ̰ܸܒܘܿܬܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ.‎‎ ― ʿājibotā bit hāwē laʾḵā. ― A miracle will happen here.

   ‏ܐܵܗܵܐ ܗܲܡܵܫܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܗܵܘܹܐ‎‎ ― āhā hammāšā kē hāwē ― This always happens.

3. to be born
4. to have: indicates ownership, possession, or the like

   ‏ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܥܸܣܪܵܐ ܕܝܼܢܵܪܹ̈ܐ‎ ― bit hāwē lī yatir ʿisrā dīnārē ― I will have ten more denarii.

   ‏ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܝܼ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܥܸܣܪܵܐ ܕܝܼܢܵܪܹ̈ܐ‎ ― bit hāwē wā lī yatir ʿisrā dīnārē ― I would have ten more denarii.

   ‏ܐܸܢ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܝܼ ܓܘܼܠܦܵܢܹ̈ܐ، ܒܸܬ ܦܵܪܚܹܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ.‎‎ ― in hāwē wā lī gulpānē, bit pārḥēn wā. ― If I had wings, I would fly.

Some dialects split this verb in two, pronouncing the He (/h/) when used in the meaning of to be born but otherwise not.

• (to have): ܐܝܼܬ‎ (īt)

• (standard) IPA^(key): [wɑː]

ܗ݇ܘܵܐ • (wā)

1. a verbal prefix placed after the definite or indefinite present
   1. (auxiliary, used with the continuous present tense) Used to express imperfect continuous past tense

      ‏ܒܸܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ‎‎ ― biktāḇā ìwen wā ― I was writing

   2. (auxiliary, used with ܟܹܐ‎ (kē)) Used to express imperfect simple past tense

      ‏ܟܹܐ ܟܵܬܒ݂ܹܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ‎‎ ― kē kātḇēn wā ― I used to write

   3. (auxiliary, used with the simple past tense) Used to express anterior past tense

      ‏ܟܬܝܼܒ݂ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܝܼ‎ ― ktiḇwā lī ― I had wrote

   4. (auxiliary, used with ܒܸܬ‎ (bit)) Used to express conditional mood

      ‏ܒܸܬ ܟܵܬܒ݂ܹܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ‎‎ ― bit kātḇēn wā ― I would write

      ‏ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܝܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܟܬܝܼܒ݂ܵܐ‎ ― bit hāwēn wā ktīḇā ― I would have written

• This is the singular form; the plural form is ܗ݇ܘܵܘ‎ (wā) but not used by all dialects.

Borrowed from Arabic هَوَاء‎ (hawāʔ).

• (standard) IPA^(key): [hɑːwɑː]

ܗܵܘܵܐ • (hāwā) m (uncountable)

1. air

   Synonym: ܐܵܐܲܪ‎ (āʾar)

2. weather

   Synonym: ܡܘܼܙܓ݂ܵܕܵܐ‎ (muzḡādā)

• ܗܵܘܵܝܵܐ‎ (hāwāyā, “aerial”)

• IPA^(key): /hawo/

ܗܰܘܐ • (hawo) m (feminine ܗܰܝܐ‎ (hayo), plural ܗܰܢܷܟ‎ (hanëk))

1. that

   Synonym: (enclitic form) ـܰܘܐ‎ (awo)

• ܗܰܢܳܐ‎ (hano, “this”)