หัวเมือง

Thai

Etymology

From หัว (hǔua, head: body upper part; chief, leader; chief, leading, principal; situated at the top or front; etc)) + เมือง (mʉʉang, polity, as country, city, etc). Cognate with Lao ຫົວເມືອງ (hūa mư̄ang), Khün ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫᨾᩮᩨ᩠ᨦ (hoo¹ mɤɤŋ⁴), ᦷᦠᦵᦙᦲᧂ (ḣomoeng), Shan ႁူဝ်မိူင်း (hǒ móeng).

Pronunciation

Orthographicหัวเมือง
hwemụ̄ɒŋ
Phonemic
หัว-เมือง
hwemụ̄ɒŋ
RomanizationPaiboonhǔua-mʉʉang
Royal Institutehua-mueang
(standard) IPA(key)/hua̯˩˩˦.mɯa̯ŋ˧/(R)

Noun

หัวเมือง (hǔua-mʉʉang)

  1. (archaic) city ruler; city chief.
  2. (government, historical) city, other than the capital city, to which other cities are subject or which is the chief of a cluster of cities, consisting of four levels: หัวเมืองเอก, หัวเมืองโท, หัวเมืองตรี, and หัวเมืองจัตวา.
  3. (dated) provinces: the parts of a country outside of the capital or the largest cities.
  4. (dated, colloquial) remote city; hinterland.
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