巴
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Translingual
Han character
巴 (Kangxi radical 49, 己+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 日山 (AU), four-corner 77717, composition ⿴巳丨)
Derived characters
Further reading
- KangXi: page 327, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8745
- Dae Jaweon: page 631, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 985, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5DF4
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
巴 |
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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 巴 | ||
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Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (巴) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Are all these senses related? Some have proposed that these are all derived from the snake sense.”)
- "huge snake"
- Unclear. Compare
- Lao ກະບາ (ka bā, “a kind of viper; Agkistrodon rhodostoma (modern)”), where ກະ (ka) is possibly an animal prefix (Schuessler, 2007);
- Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓəs (“snake”) (cf. Schuessler, 2007);
- Japhug qapri (“snake”), Brag-dbar Situ [Term?] (kha-prɐ̄j, “snake”), Cogtse Situ [Term?] (kha-brē, “snake”) (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019), which have been related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”), whence Chinese 虺 (OC *hŋlulʔ, “viper”), Tibetan སྦྲུལ (sbrul, “snake”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
巴
- (ancient Chinese mythology) a huge snake that could swallow an elephant
- to greatly desire; to anxiously hope; to long for
- Used as a suffix for objects that are located below or behind.
- Used as a suffix for objects that are clumped together due to dryness or stickiness.
- 泥巴 ― níba ― mud
- to cling to; to stick to
- (Jilu Mandarin, Sichuanese, dialectal Wu) to be close to; to be next to
- (Beijing, Jilu Mandarin) to open; to spread
- (Sichuanese) to suit; to fit
- (Sichuanese) to follow
- (Sichuanese) to be intimate
- (Sichuanese) to involve; to implicate
- (Sichuanese) to kiss up; to curry favour
- (Sichuanese) to subsidize
- (Sichuanese) to infect; to contract
- (dialectal Mandarin, including Beijing, Shandong, Xinjiang) to sew; to stitch on
- (Southwestern Mandarin; Xiamen, Quanzhou Min Nan) dried object
- (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for the number of slaps.
- (Jiaoliao Mandarin, Sichuanese) along
- (historical) Ba (an ancient state in modern-day Sichuan)
- eastern Sichuan and Chongqing
- Short for 巴士 (bāshì, “bus”).
- (physics) bar (unit of pressure)
- Short for 巴勒斯坦 (Bālèsītǎn, “Palestine”).
- Short for 巴基斯坦 (Bājīsītǎn, “Pakistan”).
- Short for 巴拿馬/巴拿马 (Bānámǎ, “Panama”).
- Short for 巴哈馬/巴哈马 (Bāhāmǎ, “The Bahamas”).
- Short for 巴拉圭 (Bālāguī, “Paraguay”).
- a surname
Descendants
Compounds
Derived terms from 巴
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Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 芭. (This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 芭.) |
Notes:
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Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 笆 (“bamboo fence; bamboo fence”). (This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 笆.) |
Notes:
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Etymology 4
For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 粑 (“cake-like food; tsamba”). (This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 粑.) |
Notes:
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References
- “巴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Compounds
Compounds
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦巴基斯%担¦^パキス%タン⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦巴豆¦ハズ⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦巴%旦%杏¦ハ%タン%キョウ⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦巴奈馬¦^パナマ⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦巴布¦パップ⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦巴比%倫¦^バビ%ロン⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦巴爾%幹¦^バル%カン⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦巴里¦^パリ⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦淋%巴¦リン%パ⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ja-r¦欧%羅%巴¦^ヨー%ロッ%パ⦄⦄
Etymology 1

Kanji in this term |
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巴 |
ともえ Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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鞆絵 |
First attested around the 12th century.
Originally a compound of 鞆 (tomo, “archer's left-wrist protector”) + 絵 (e, “picture, drawing”).
The use of the 巴 kanji is possibly for its resemblance to a big snake.
Noun
- a circular design resembling swirling water, a comma, or an archer's bow
- (architecture) a piece of wood, usually a floorboard or an eave, with a tomoe pattern
- an oxcart with the wickerwork in a tomoe pattern
- a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various tomoe designs
- Short for 巴瓦 (tomoegawara): a tile with a tomoe design
- turning (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Derived terms
Descendants
- English: tomoe
See also
- 渦巻き (uzumaki)
Proper noun
- Short for 巴御前 (Tomoe Gozen): 12th-century female samurai
- a 謡曲 (dōkyoku, “noh song”) based on a story from The Tale of the Heike
- a surname
- a unisex given name
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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巴 |
は Jinmeiyō |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 巴 (MC pˠa). The 漢音 (kan'on) reading, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ha̠]
Derived terms
- 巴蜀 (Hashoku)
- 巴人 (hajin)
Vietnamese
Han character
巴: Hán Việt readings: ba (
巴: Nôm readings: bơ[1][2][3][6][4][5][7], ba[1][2][3], vã[1], va[3]
References
- Nguyễn (2014).
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).
- Bonet (1899).
- Génibrel (1898).
- Hồ (1976).
- Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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