See also:
U+672D, 札
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-672D

[U+672C]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+672E]

Translingual

Stroke order
5 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 75, +1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 木山 (DU), four-corner 42910, composition )

References

  • KangXi: page 509, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14422
  • Dae Jaweon: page 893, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1153, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+672D

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Transcribed ancient scripts

Etymology

“to die prematurely; pestilence; to die from pestilence”
The commentary to the Rites of Zhou by Zheng Xuan says that it is the word for “to die” in the ancient Yue () language, so it is possibly from Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *kc(ə)t (to die) (whence Proto-Vietic *k-ceːt > Vietnamese chết) (Norman and Mei, 1976; Schuessler, 2007).
Sagart (2008) doubts this etymology, pointing out that this word has been attested in classical texts that are not necessarily connected to Yue or the South. He instead proposes that this word may be a Chinese loan in Yue or the regular word for “to die” in the variety of Chinese spoken in the Yue region.

Pronunciation


Note: zag4 - Shantou, Chenghai.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (18)
Final () (71)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ʃˠat̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʈ͡ʂᵚat̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ʃɐt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʈ͡ʂaɨt̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡ʃat̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡ʃat̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʈ͡ʂăt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zha
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zaat3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhá
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsrɛt ›
Old
Chinese
/*s-qˁrət/
English strip (n.), tablet

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14910
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sqriːd/

Definitions

  1. letter; note
  2. correspondence
  3. to die prematurely
  4. pestilence
  5. to die from pestilence
  6. small wooden strip for writing

Compounds

  • 札札
  • 札的
  • 波札那 (Bōzhánà)
  • 玉札
  • 硬札
  • 神札
  • 翰札
  • 芳札
  • 麻札
  • 僑札侨札
  • 季札掛劍季札挂剑
  • 書札书札 (shūzhá)
  • 札手舞腳札手舞脚
  • 札板兒札板儿
  • 札記札记 (zhájì)
  • 札賚諾爾札赉诺尔
  • 筆札笔札 (bǐzhá)
  • 箋札笺札
  • 簡札简札
  • 緘札缄札
  • 謅札诌札
  • 馬札马札
  • 馬札子马札子
  • 點札点札

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. bill
  2. card

Readings

  • Go-on: せち (sechi)
  • Kan-on: さつ (satsu, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ふだ (fuda, , Jōyō); ふみた (fumita, ); ふんだ (funda, ); さね (sane, )

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
さつ
Grade: 4
on’yomi

/satu//sat͡su/

From Middle Chinese (MC t͡ʃˠat̚).

Pronunciation

Noun

(さつ) (satsu) 

  1. paper money, a bill, a (bank) note
Synonyms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
ふだ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

/pumi ita//ɸumita//ɸunda//ɸuda/

Originally a compound of (ふみ) (fumi, writing) + (いた) (ita, board, plank).[1][2]

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

(ふだ) (fuda) 
(alternative reading hiragana ふみた, rōmaji fumita)
(alternative reading hiragana ふんだ, rōmaji funda)

  1. a card, a plate, a tag
  2. playing card
    一組(ひとくみ)(ふだ)
    hitokumi no fuda
    a deck of cards
Derived terms

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

(chal) (hangeul , revised chal, McCuneReischauer ch'al, Yale chal)

  1. letter

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: trát, trớt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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