洪水

Chinese
flood water; river
simp. and trad.
(洪水)		 洪 水

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 洪 水
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 東 (1) 脂 (18)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 戸公切 式軌切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦuŋ/ /ɕˠiuɪX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦuŋ/ /ɕʷᵚiX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuŋ/ /ɕiuɪX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦəwŋ/ /ɕjwiX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuŋ/ /ɕjuiX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣuŋ/ /ɕwiX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣuŋ/ /ɕwiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hóng shuǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 hung4 seoi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 水
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shuǐ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sywijX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s.turʔ/ (E dialect: *-r > *-j)
English water; river

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 洪 水
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 4156 11948
Phonetic
component		 共 水
Rime
group		 東 脂
Rime
subdivision		 0 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 洪 水
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡloːŋ/ /*qʰʷljilʔ/

Noun

洪水

  1. flood (usually disastrous overflow from a body of water); flooding; floodwater
    容易鬧洪水／容易闹洪水  ―  róngyì nào hóngshuǐ  ―  to be prone to flooding

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (洪水):
  • → Japanese: 洪水(こうずい) (kōzui)
  • → Korean: 홍수(洪水) (hongsu)
  • → Vietnamese: hồng thuỷ (洪水)

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
洪 水
こう
Grade: S		 すい > ずい
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) こーずい [kòózúí] (Heiban – [0])
  • (Tokyo) こ​ーずい [kóꜜòzùì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA(key): [ko̞ːzɨᵝi]

Noun

洪(こう)水(ずい) • (kōzui) 

  1. flood
    • 2015 September 14, Shoji, Kaori, “When disaster strikes in Japan, keep calm and carry a diaper”, in The Japan Times‎, retrieved 2023-04-11:
      The Japanese disaster comes in many forms, and saigai include tensai (天災, literally, heaven-sent disasters — i.e., natural ones) like jishin (地震, earthquakes), kōzui (洪水, floods) and kaji (火事, fires).

Korean
Hanja in this term
洪水

Noun

洪水 • (hongsu) (hangeul 홍수)

  1. Hanja form? of 홍수 (“flood”).

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this term
洪水

Noun

洪水

  1. chữ Hán form of hồng thuỷ (“flood”).
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