生ふ

Japanese
Kanji in this term
生
お
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese.

Appears to be cognate with an op- stem that also derives modern 大きい (ōkii, “big, large”), 多い (ōi, “many”), and possibly 覆う (ōu, “to cover”).

Verb

生ふ(おう) • (ou) ←おふ (ofu)? intransitive †nidan

  1. (of plants or trees, archaic) to grow large, spring up
    • 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 8, poem 365; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 16)
      立(たち)わかれいなばの山(やま)の峰(みね)におふる松(まつ)としきかば今(いま)かへりこむ
      tachiwakare Inaba-no-yama no mine ni ouru matsu to shi kikaba ima kaerikon
      I leave Mount Inaba with pines growing on its peak. If I hear you say “pine (wait),” I will surely return right away!

Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "生ふ" (ハ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 生ひおひofi
Continuative (連用形) 生ひおひofi
Terminal (終止形) 生ふおふofu
Attributive (連体形) 生ふるおふるofuru
Realis (已然形) 生ふれおふれofure
Imperative (命令形) 生ひよおひよofiyo
Key constructions
Negative 生ひずおひずofizu
Contrasting conjunction 生ふれどおふれどofuredo
Causal conjunction 生ふればおふればofureba
Conditional conjunction 生ひばおひばofiba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 生ひきおひきofiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 生ひけりおひけりofikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 生ひつおひつofitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 生ひぬおひぬofinu
Perfect-continuative tense 生ひたりおひたりofitari
Volitional 生ひむおひむofimu

Derived terms
  • 生(お)ゆ (oyu)
  • 生(お)へる (oeru)
  • 生(お)ほす (oosu)
  • 生(お)ひ上(あ)がる (oiagaru)
  • 生(お)ひ出(い)づ (oiizu)
  • 生(お)い先(さき) (oisaki)
  • 生(お)ひ様(ざま) (oizama)
  • 生(お)ひ及(し)く (oishiku)
  • 生(お)い茂(しげ)る (oishigeru)
  • 生(お)ひ末(すえ) (oisue)
  • 生(お)ひ育(そだ)ち (oisodachi)
  • 生(お)い育(そだ)つ (oisodatsu)
  • 生(お)い立(た)ち (oitachi)
  • 生(お)い立(た)つ (oitatsu)
  • 生(お)ひ継(つ)ぐ (oitsugu)
  • 生(お)ひなる (oinaru)
  • 生(お)ひ上(のぼ)る (oinoboru)
  • 生(お)ひ優(まさ)る (oimasaru)
  • 生(お)ひ行(ゆ)く (oiyuku)
  • 片(かた)生(お)ひ (kataoi)
  • 今年(ことし)生(おい)ひ (kotoshi-oi)
  • 稚児生(ちごお)ひ (chigooi)
  • 蓴(ぬなわ)生(お)う (nunawaou)
  • 根生(ねお)い (neoi)
  • 鼠(ねずみ)生(お)ひ (nezumi-oi)
  • 水(み)草(くさ)生(お)う (mikusa-ou)
  • 弥生(やよい) (yayoi)

Idioms
  • 心(こころ)生(お)ふ (kokoro ou)

References

    Old Japanese

    Etymology

    Appears to be cognate with an op- stem that also derives the stem 大 (opo-, “big, large”) and possibly the verb 覆ふ (opu, “to cover”).

    Verb

    生ふ (opu) (kana おふ)

    1. (of plants or trees) to grow large, spring up
      • 711–712, Kojiki (poem 91)
        ...母登爾波伊久美陀氣淤斐須恵幣爾波多斯美陀氣淤斐...
        ...mo2to2 ni pa ikumi1dake2 opi2 suwepe1 ni pa tasimi1dake2 opi2...
        (please add an English translation of this usage example)
      • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 6, poem 925), text here
        烏玉之夜之深去者久木生留淸河原爾知鳥數鳴
        nubatama no2 yo1 no2 puke2yuke2ba pi1sagi2 opuru ki1yo1ki1 kapara ni tido2ri sibanaku
        (please add an English translation of this usage example)

    Conjugation
    Classical conjugation of "生ふ" (ハ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
    Stem forms
    Irrealis (未然形) 生ひおひofi
    Continuative (連用形) 生ひおひofi
    Terminal (終止形) 生ふおふofu
    Attributive (連体形) 生ふるおふるofuru
    Realis (已然形) 生ふれおふれofure
    Imperative (命令形) 生ひよおひよofiyo
    Key constructions
    Negative 生ひずおひずofizu
    Contrasting conjunction 生ふれどおふれどofuredo
    Causal conjunction 生ふればおふればofureba
    Conditional conjunction 生ひばおひばofiba
    Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 生ひきおひきofiki
    Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 生ひけりおひけりofikeri
    Perfect tense (conscious action) 生ひつおひつofitu
    Perfect tense (natural event) 生ひぬおひぬofinu
    Perfect-continuative tense 生ひたりおひたりofitari
    Volitional 生ひむおひむofimu

    Derived terms

    Descendants
    • Japanese: 生ふ (ou)
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