福建

Chinese

		good fortune; happiness; luck good fortune; happiness; luck; Fujian province (abbrev); surname	to establish; to found; to set up to establish; to found; to set up; to build; to construct
simp. and trad. (福建)		福	建

Etymology

Short for 福州 (Fúzhōu) + 建州 (Jiànzhōu), two ancient prefectures in modern Fujian. Coined with the establishment of 福建路 (“Fujian Circuit”) in 985 CE.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Fújiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fuk¹ gin³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fuuk² gen⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): fuh⁶ jien
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Fuk-kien / Fuk-kian

(Meixian, Guangdong): fug⁵ gian⁴
Min Dong (BUC): Hók-gióng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): Hok-kiàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): hog⁴ giêng³ / hog⁴ giang³
Wu (Wiktionary): ⁴foq-ji

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Fújiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Fújiàn
  - Wade–Giles: Fu²-chien⁴
  - Yale: Fú-jyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Fwujiann
  - Palladius: Фуцзянь (Fuczjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fuk¹ gin³
  - Yale: fūk gin
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁷ gin³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug¹ gin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚⁵ kiːn³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fuuk² gen⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɵk̚⁵⁵ ken³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fuh⁶ jien
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuʔ⁵ t͡ɕiɛn²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Fuk-kien
  - Hakka Romanization System: fug` gien
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fug⁵ gian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fuk̚² ki̯en⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Fuk-kian
  - Hakka Romanization System: fug` gian
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fug⁵ gian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fuk̚² ki̯an⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fug⁵ gian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fʊk̚¹ cian⁵³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Hók-gióng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ kyɔŋ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Penang, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hok-kiàn
  - Tâi-lô: Hok-kiàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hokkiexn
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɛn¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɛn²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Penang): /hɔk̚³⁻⁴ kiɛn²¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kiɛn²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hog⁴ giêng³ / hog⁴ giang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hok kièng / hok kiàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hok̚²⁻⁴ kieŋ²¹³/, /hok̚²⁻⁴ kiaŋ²¹³/

Note:

hog4 giêng3 - Chaozhou;
hog4 giang3 - Shantou.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ⁴foq-ji
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊʔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

Proper noun

福建

(～省) Fujian, Fukien (a province of China; capital: Fuzhou)

Usage notes

Kinmen (Quemoy) and Lienchiang (Matsu) counties, offshore island groups governed by the Republic of China (Taiwan), are excluded or included based on the context.

Derived terms

福建人 (Fújiànrén)
福建子
福建幫／福建帮 (fújiànbāng)
福建水師／福建水师 (Fújiàn Shuǐshī)
福建炒飯／福建炒饭
福建船 (fújiànchuán)
福建話／福建话 (fújiànhuà)
福建麵／福建面 (Fújiànmiàn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (福建):

→ Japanese: 福(ふっ)建(けん) (Fukken)
→ Okinawan: 福(ふ)建(ちゃん) (Fuchan)
→ Korean: 복건(福建) (Bokgeon)
→ Vietnamese: Phúc Kiến (福建)

→ English: Fujian, Fuhkien, Fukien, Fu-chien, Fookien, Fokien, Hokkien
→ Korean: 푸젠 (Pujen)
→ Malay: Fujian, Hokkien, Hokkian
→ Russian: Фуцзя́нь (Fuczjánʹ), фуцзя́нец (fuczjánec)
→ Spanish: Fujian, Fokien, Fukién
→ Thai: ฝูเจี้ยน

Japanese

Kanji in this term
福	建
ふく > ふっ Grade: 3	けん Grade: 4
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
福建 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝk̚kẽ̞ɴ]

Proper noun

福(ふっ)建(けん) • (Fukken)

Fujian (a province of China)

Derived terms

福(ふっ)建(けん)語(ご) (fukkengo)

Korean

Hanja in this term
福	建

Proper noun

福建 • (Bokgeon) (hangeul 복건)

Hanja form^? of 복건 (“Fujian”).

Okinawan

Kanji in this term
福	建
Grade: 3	Grade: 4

Alternative spelling
福建 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɸut͡ɕaŋ̍/

Proper noun

福建 (hiragana ふちゃん, rōmaji Fuchan)

Fujian (a province of China)

References

沖縄語辞典 (Okinawago Jiten, “Okinawan Dictionary”)‎, 1963
沖縄語辞典 (Okinawago Jiten, “Okinawan Dictionary”)‎, 1963

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
福	建

Proper noun

福建

chữ Hán form of Phúc Kiến (“Fujian”).

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