載書

Chinese

		record	writing
trad. (載書)		載	書
simp. (载书)		载	书

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zàishū

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄞˋ ㄕㄨ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zàishū
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄞˋ ㄕㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zàishu
  - Wade–Giles: tsai⁴-shu¹
  - Yale: dzài-shū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzayshu
  - Palladius: цзайшу (czajšu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡sʌi^H ɕɨʌ/

Rime
Character	載	書
Reading #	2/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	作代切	傷魚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʌi^H/	/ɕɨʌ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səi^H/	/ɕiɔ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɒi^H/	/ɕiɔ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səj^H/	/ɕɨə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡sᴀi^H/	/ɕiɔ/
Wang Li	/t͡sɒi^H/	/ɕĭo/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sɑ̆i^H/	/ɕi̯wo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zài	shū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoi³	syu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤə[ʔ]-s s-ta/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯːs hlja/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	載	書
Reading #	3/4	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zài	shū
Middle Chinese	‹ tsoj^H ›	‹ syo ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁə[ʔ]-s/	/*s-ta/
English	record (v.)	write
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	載	書
Reading #	2/3	1/1
No.	16493	17013
Phonetic component	𢦏	者
Rime group	之	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	載	書
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯːs/	/*hlja/

Noun

載書

(historical or literary) treaty; written records of agreement; covenant
晉士莊子為載書，曰：「自今日既盟之後，鄭國而不唯晉命是聽，而或有異志者，有如此盟。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
晋士庄子为载书，曰：“自今日既盟之后，郑国而不唯晋命是听，而或有异志者，有如此盟。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE
Jìn Shì Zhuāngzǐ wéi zàishū, yuē: “Zì jīnrì jìméng zhīhòu, Zhèngguó ér bù wéi Jìnmìng shì tīng, ér huòyǒu yìzhì zhě, yǒurú cǐméng.” [Pinyin]
Lord Zhuang of Shi of Jin, drafting the treaty, said: "Starting from the conclusion of the convention today, should Zheng fail to follow the commands of the Jin — and only those of the Jin — to the letter, or should anyone from the Zheng ever entertain the slightest intention of betrayal, they shall meet the same fate as that of this sacrifice animal."

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