轟

See also: 轰 and 軣

轟	U+8F5F, 轟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F5F

← 轞
[U+8F5E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

轠 →
[U+8F60]

Translingual

Traditional	轟
Shinjitai (extended)	軣
Simplified	轰

Han character

轟 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+14, 21 strokes, cangjie input 十十十十十 (JJJJJ), four-corner 5055₆, composition ⿱車䡛)

Derived characters

𠑭, 𡆀, 𢺩, 𣡴, 𨰵

Related characters

軣 (Japanese extended shinjitai)
轰 (Simplified Chinese)

References

KangXi: page 1249, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38577
Dae Jaweon: page 1728, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3559, character 12
Unihan data for U+8F5F

Chinese

trad.		轟
simp.		轰

Glyph origin

Triplication of 車 (“cart”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hōng (hong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwang¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fông
Min Bei (KCR): hó̤ng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hong / eng

(Teochew, Peng'im): hong¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hong
  - Wade–Giles: hung¹
  - Yale: hūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hong
  - Palladius: хун (xun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwang¹
  - Yale: gwāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gueng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fông
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ²⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong / eng
  - Tâi-lô: hong / ing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hofng, efng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/, /iɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³/, /iɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/, /iɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/, /iɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/, /iɪŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

hong - literary;
eng - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hong¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hoŋ³³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 轟
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/xuŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/xuŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/xuŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/xəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/xuŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/xuŋ²¹/
	Xining	/xuə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/xuŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/xũn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/xuŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/xoŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/xoŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/xoŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/xoŋ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/xoŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/xəŋ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/xuŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/xũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/hoŋ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/hoŋ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/hoŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/hoŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/xuʌ̃³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/xan¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/xoŋ³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/hən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/fuŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/vaŋ¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hoŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/kʰʷɐŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/huŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hɔŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/huŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xɔŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hoŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/hɔŋ³¹/ 俗

Middle Chinese: /hˠwɛŋ/, /hˠwɛŋ^H/

Rime
Character	轟	轟
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	耕 (118)	耕 (118)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	呼宏切	呼迸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠwɛŋ/	/hˠwɛŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/hʷᵚæŋ/	/hʷᵚæŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/xuɐŋ/	/xuɐŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwəɨjŋ/	/hwəɨjŋ^H/
Li Rong	/xuɛŋ/	/xuɛŋ^H/
Wang Li	/xwæŋ/	/xwæŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/xwæŋ/	/xwæŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hōng	hòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fang¹	fang³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qʰʷreːŋ/, /*qʰʷreːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	轟	轟
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	5128	5129
Phonetic component	轟	轟
Rime group	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	轟	轟
Old Chinese	/*qʰʷreːŋ/	/*qʰʷreːŋs/

Definitions

轟

Compounds

五雷轟頂／五雷轰顶
戰略轟炸／战略轰炸
水平轟炸／水平轰炸
炮轟／炮轰 (pàohōng)
烈火轟雷／烈火轰雷
烈烈轟轟／烈烈轰轰
疲勞轟炸／疲劳轰炸 (píláo hōngzhà)
轟動／轰动 (hōngdòng)
轟擊／轰击 (hōngjī)
轟沉／轰沉

轟炸／轰炸 (hōngzhà)
轟炸機／轰炸机 (hōngzhàjī)
轟烈／轰烈
轟然／轰然 (hōngrán)
轟然雷動／轰然雷动
轟的／轰的
轟走／轰走
轟轟／轰轰
轟轟烈烈／轰轰烈烈 (hōnghōnglièliè)
轟轟闐闐／轰轰阗阗

轟醉／轰醉
轟隆／轰隆 (hōnglōng)
轟雷掣電／轰雷掣电
轟雷貫耳／轰雷贯耳
轟飲／轰饮
轟鳴／轰鸣 (hōngmíng)
雷轟電掣／雷轰电掣
飽和轟炸／饱和轰炸
高空轟炸／高空轰炸

Japanese

Shinjitai	軣
Kyūjitai	轟

Kanji

轟

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 軣)

Readings

Go-on: こう (kō)
Kan-on: こう (kō)
Kan’yō-on: ごう (gō)
Kun: とどろく (todoroku, 轟く); とどろかす (todorokasu, 轟かす)

Compounds

轟音(ごうおん) (gōon): loud rumbling; booming sound
轟轟(ごうごう) (gōgō), 轟々(ごうごう) (gōgō): (adverb) thunderous; rumbling
轟沈(ごうちん) (gōchin): to sink a ship instantly
轟石(とどろきせき) (todorokiseki): todorokite

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 轟 (MC hˠwɛŋ, hˠwɛŋ^H).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 회ᇰ (Yale: hwoyng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwe̞ŋ] ~ [kø̞ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [궹/굉]

Hanja

Wikisource 轟 (eumhun 울릴 굉 (ullil goeng))

Hanja form^? of 굉 (“roar; thunder; boom”).

Compounds

굉성 (轟聲, goengseong)
굉굉 (轟轟, goenggoeng)
굉렬 (轟烈, goengnyeol)
굉발 (轟發, goengbal, “exploding loudly”)
굉소 (轟笑, goengso, “laughing loudly”)
굉침 (轟沈, goengchim, “sinking a ship instantly”)
굉연 (轟然, goeng'yeon, “deafening sound”)
굉음 (轟音, goeng'eum, “booming sound”)
굉천뢰 (轟天雷, goengcheolloe, “great thunder”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

轟: Hán Nôm readings: huênh, oanh, oang, oàng

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