-mu
See also: Appendix:Variations of "mu"
Estonian
Etymology
Etymology unclear. Originally a dialectism, revitalised by Estonian terminologist and lexicographer Johannes Voldemar Veski. Possibly from Proto-Finnic *-ma + Proto-Finnic *-o. Compare Finnish -mo.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈ-mu/
Suffix
-mu (genitive -mu, partitive -mut)
Declension
Inflection of -mu (ÕS type 1/ohutu, no gradation)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | -mu | -mud |
accusative | -mu | -mud |
genitive | -mu | -mute |
partitive | -mut | -muid |
illative | -musse | -mutesse -muisse |
inessive | -mus | -mutes -muis |
elative | -must | -mutest -muist |
allative | -mule | -mutele -muile |
adessive | -mul | -mutel -muil |
ablative | -mult | -mutelt -muilt |
translative | -muks | -muteks -muiks |
terminative | -muni | -muteni |
essive | -muna | -mutena |
abessive | -muta | -muteta |
comitative | -muga | -mutega |
Derived terms
Estonian terms suffixed with -mu
Indonesian
Etymology
From Malay -mu, From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mu, from Proto-Austronesian *mu.
Kambera
Laboya
Malay
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mu, from Proto-Austronesian *mu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mu/
- Rhymes: -mu, -u
Suffix
-mu
See also
Malay personal pronouns
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
1st person | standard | saya / ساي aku/ku- / اکو / كو- (informal/towards God) -ku / -كو (informal possessive) hamba / همبا (dated) |
kami / کامي (exclusive) kita orang / كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive) kita / کيت (inclusive) |
royal | beta / بيتا | ||
2nd person | standard | kamu / کامو anda / اندا (formal) | |
engkau/kau- / اڠکاو/ كاو- (informal/towards God) awak / اوق (friendly/older towards younger) -mu / -مو (possessive) |
kalian / کاليان kamu semua / كامو سموا kau orang / كاو اورڠ (informal) | ||
royal | tuanku / توانكو | ||
3rd person | standard | dia / دي ia / اي beliau / بلياو (honorific) -nya / -ڽ (possessive) |
mereka / مريک dia orang / دي اورڠ (informal) |
royal | baginda / بݢيندا |
Quechua
Uneapa
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *-mu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-mu, from Proto-Austronesian *-amu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mi/
Suffix
-mu
- A second-person plural possessive suffix.
Further reading
- Terry Crowley et al, The Oceanic Languages (2013), page 365
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