< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žeťi
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From earlier *gegti, reflecting an irregular change *d > *g from *degti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *degtéi, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰégʷʰeti. Cognate with Lithuanian dègti, Latvian degt, Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰáǰʰati, Albanian djeg.
The assimilation *d-g- > *g-g- in Slavic probably have spread from the 0-grade forms, which created a similar environment to the so-called thorn clusters in Proto-Indo-European. Compare the descendants of Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to dwindle, to perish”).
Alternative forms
- *žegti
- *žьgаti
Conjugation
Conjugation of *žeťi, *žeže, *žьžetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *žeženьje | *žeťi | *žeťь | *žeglъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *žeženъ | *žьgomъ |
| Active | *žegъ | *žьgy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žeg(ox)ъ | *žeže | *žeže | *žьgǫ | *žьžeši | *žьžetь |
| Dual | *žeg(ox)ově | *žeg(e/os)ta | *žeg(e/os)te | *žьževě | *žьžeta | *žьžete |
| Plural | *žeg(ox)omъ | *žeg(e/os)te | *žegǫ, *žegošę | *žьžemъ | *žьžete | *žьgǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žьžaaxъ | *žьžaaše | *žьžaaše | — | *žьdzi | *žьdzi |
| Dual | *žьžaaxově | *žьžaašeta | *žьžaašete | *žьdzěvě | *žьdzěta | — |
| Plural | *žьžaaxomъ | *žьžaašete | *žьžaaxǫ | *žьdzěmъ | *žьdzěte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *žegeste ⇒ *žežeste, ...
Conjugation of *žeťi, *žeže, *žežetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *žeženьje | *žeťi | *žeťь | *žeglъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *žeženъ | *žegomъ |
| Active | *žegъ | *žegy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žeg(ox)ъ | *žeže | *žeže | *žegǫ | *žežeši | *žežetь |
| Dual | *žeg(ox)ově | *žeg(e/os)ta | *žeg(e/os)te | *žeževě | *žežeta | *žežete |
| Plural | *žeg(ox)omъ | *žeg(e/os)te | *žegǫ, *žegošę | *žežemъ | *žežete | *žegǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žežaaxъ | *žežaaše | *žežaaše | — | *žьdzi | *žьdzi |
| Dual | *žežaaxově | *žežaašeta | *žežaašete | *žьdzěvě | *žьdzěta | — |
| Plural | *žežaaxomъ | *žežaašete | *žežaaxǫ | *žьdzěmъ | *žьdzěte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *žegeste ⇒ *žežeste, ...
Conjugation of *žeťi, *žeže, *žežetь (impf., -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *žeženьje | *žeťi | *žeťь | *žeglъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *žeženъ | *žegomъ |
| Active | *žegъ | *žegy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žaxъ | *žeže | *žeže | *žegǫ | *žežeši | *žežetь |
| Dual | *žaxově | *žasta | *žaste | *žeževě | *žežeta | *žežete |
| Plural | *žaxomъ | *žaste | *žašę | *žežemъ | *žežete | *žegǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *žežaaxъ | *žežaaše | *žežaaše | — | *žьdzi | *žьdzi |
| Dual | *žežaaxově | *žežaašeta | *žežaašete | *žьdzěvě | *žьdzěta | — |
| Plural | *žežaaxomъ | *žežaašete | *žežaaxǫ | *žьdzěmъ | *žьdzěte | — |
Derived terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “żec”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna, page 663-664
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жгу”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “жечь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 301
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “жег”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 529
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žegti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 554: “v. (c) ‘burn’”
- Derksen, Rick (2015), “degti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 119: “*žegtì v. (c) ‘burn’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “žegti: žegǫ (žьgǫ) žežetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c brænde (PR 139)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “žgáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*žet'i̋”
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