< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/želdъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
- Modern interpretation (per Derksen, Beekes, Snoj): Akin to Ancient Greek χάλαζα (khálaza, “hail, sleet”), Persian ژاله (žâle, “hail, hoarfrost”), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰelh₂d-.
- Older interpretation (per Preobrazhensky, Walde): Possibly related to Proto-Slavic *golotь (“hoar”), Lithuanian gélmenis (“frost”), more commonly derived from Proto-Indo-European *gel(H)- (“to be cold”). Considered as "less probably" by Vasmer.
Declension
Declension of *žȇldъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *žȇldъ | *žȇlda | *žȇldi |
| Accusative | *žȇldъ | *žȇlda | *žȇldy |
| Genitive | *žȇlda | *želdù | *žẽldъ |
| Locative | *žȇldě | *želdù | *želdě̃xъ |
| Dative | *žȇldu | *želdomà | *želdòmъ |
| Instrumental | *žȇldъmь, *žȇldomь* | *želdomà | *želdý |
| Vocative | *želde | *žȇlda | *žȇldi |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *želditi (“to sleet”)
- *želdica
- *poželdъ, *poželdica
- *oželdъ, *oželdica
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- ⇒ Russian: ожеле́дица f (oželédica)
- South Slavic:
- Slovene: žlẹ̑d (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Polabian: zlåd
- Old Polish: żłód
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ожеле́дица”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- “gelmenis”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*želdъ, *želdica”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 555: “m. o; f. jā ‘glazed frost, sleet’”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “žlẹ̑d”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *želdi̋, *žȇldь”
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