< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žezlъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Uncertain. Potential etymologies include:
- Trubachev, Derksen: From Proto-Indo-European *geǵʰlós (with oxytone accent on the last syllable), cognate with Old High German kegil (“stake”).
- Snoj: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷislóm, cognate with Old Armenian ճիւղ (čiwł, “branch, twig”), possibly Old Norse kvísl (“fork”) (which however exhibits long -ī-) and akin to Proto-Slavic *žila (“sinew”), Proto-Slavic *žica (“thread”). Within this hypothesis, -z- in Slavic is problematic.
- Mladenov, Georgiev: From an earlier Proto-Slavic *žeglъ (“branding needle, rod”), the l-participle of Proto-Slavic *žegti (“to heat up, to burn”), with assimilation of *-g- > *-z- (or -ž- in Serbo-Croatian) next to *ž-. Such an etymon still survives in Modern Bulgarian жегъл (žegǎl).
Alternative forms
- *žьzlъ, *žьzlь (probably with a rise of -e- in pretonic syllable, prior of Dybo's law)
- *žezlò n
Inflection
Declension of *žèzlъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *žèzlъ | *žezlà | *žezlì |
| Accusative | *žèzlъ | *žezlà | *žezlỳ |
| Genitive | *žezlà | *žezlù | *žèzlъ |
| Locative | *žezlě̀ | *žezlù | *žèzlěxъ |
| Dative | *žezlù | *žezlòma | *žezlòmъ |
| Instrumental | *žezlъ̀mь, *žezlòmь* | *žezlòma | *žèzly |
| Vocative | *žezle | *žezlà | *žezlì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Related terms
- *žigъ (“brand”) (possibly)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жезл”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “жезъл”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 531
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žezlъ; *žьzlъ; *žezlò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 25: “m. o; m. o; n. o (b) ‘stick, staff’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “žezlъ žezla (sek. žezlo)”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (NA 114); b/c (PR 134, 137) rod”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “žézlo”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*žьzlȍ, *žьzlъ̏, *žьzlь”
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