< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъlgъ
 |
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Related to Gothic 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃 (dulgs, “debt”):
- Most Slavists (Vasmer, Trubačev, Snoj) presume native origin, because of the mobile accent (untypical for Germanic loanwords). Machek proposes Slavic origin for the Gothic term. Others usually consider genetic kinship between the two, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰelgʰ-.
- Germanists (Stender-Petersen, favoured by Pronk-Tiethoff) consider it a Gothic loanword[1], since other financial terminology in early Slavic was mostly of Germanic origin: e.g. Proto-Slavic *myto (“tax”), *lixva (“interest”), *pěnędzь (“coin”), *kupiti (“to purchase”). Lehmann speculates that both Gothic and Slavic terms may be Celtic loanwords.
Inflection
Though it is traditionally reconstructed as a hard o-stem, Pronk-Tiethoff suggests that *dъlgъ was probably a u-stem instead: “the word is syllabic and has the root structure CъRC-, it shows u-stem endings in Old Church Slavic, as well as, e.g., the ‘second locative’ v dolgú in Russian, and the adjective formation R dolgovój. It has accentuation of the type Stang identifies with the Proto-Slavic u-stems.”
Declension of *dъ̃lgъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *dъ̃lgъ | *dъlgà | *dъldzì |
| Accusative | *dъ̃lgъ | *dъlgà | *dъlgỳ |
| Genitive | *dъlgà | *dъlgù | *dъ̃lgъ |
| Locative | *dъldzě̀ | *dъlgù | *dъ̃ldzěxъ |
| Dative | *dъlgù | *dъlgòma | *dъlgòmъ |
| Instrumental | *dъlgъ̀mь, *dъlgòmь* | *dъlgòma | *dъ̃lgy |
| Vocative | *dъlže | *dъlgà | *dъldzì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Declension of *dъ̑lgъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *dъ̑lgъ | *dъ̑lga | *dъ̑ldzi |
| Accusative | *dъ̑lgъ | *dъ̑lga | *dъ̑lgy |
| Genitive | *dъ̑lga | *dъlgù | *dъ̃lgъ |
| Locative | *dъ̑ldzě | *dъlgù | *dъldzě̃xъ |
| Dative | *dъ̑lgu | *dъlgomà | *dъlgòmъ |
| Instrumental | *dъ̑lgъmь, *dъ̑lgomь* | *dъlgomà | *dъlgý |
| Vocative | *dъlže | *dъ̑lga | *dъ̑ldzi |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Declension of *dъ̑lgъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *dъ̑lgъ | *dъ̑lgy | *dъ̑lgove |
| Accusative | *dъ̑lgъ | *dъ̑lgy | *dъ̑lgy |
| Genitive | *dъ̑lgu | *dъlgovù | *dъlgòvъ |
| Locative | *dъlgú | *dъlgovù | *dъ̑lgъxъ |
| Dative | *dъ̑lgovi | *dъlgъmà | *dъ̑lgъmъ |
| Instrumental | *dъ̑lgъmь | *dъlgъmà | *dъlgъmì |
| Vocative | *dъlgu | *dъ̑lgy | *dъ̑lgove |
Derived terms
- *dъlžiti (“to own”)
- *dъlžьnъ (“obligated”)
- *dъlžьnikъ (“debtor”)
Descendants
References
- Pronk-Tiethoff, Saskia E. (2013) The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic (in English), Amsterdam - New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 142: “PSl. *dъlgъ ‘debt’ (m. o-stem) [AP C]”
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dъ̑lgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 129: “m. o (c) ‘debt’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “dъlgъ dъlga”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 81, 187; PR 137; MP 16)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “dolg”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *dь̑lgъ ali *dъ̑lgъ”
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dъlgъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 179
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “долг”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “дълг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 455
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.