< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьrpěti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

According to most sources, related to *tьrnǫti (> Old Church Slavonic оутрьпоста (utrĭposta)[1]) and Lithuanian tir̃pti, Latin torpeō, thus inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“stiff”).

Alternatively, some have suggested that it is inherited from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥p-éh₁-(ye)-ti, eh₁-stative of *terp- (“to satisfy”). Compare Hindi तड़पना (taṛapnā, “to be restless”).

Verb

*tьrpě̀ti impf[2][3]

  1. to suffer
  2. to endure (hardship)
    Synonym: *stradati

Inflection
Conjugation of *tьrpěti, *tьrpě, *tьrpitь (impf., -ě/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ěti
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*tьrpěnьje *tьrpěti *tьrpětъ *tьrpělъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *tьrpěnъ *tьrpimъ
Active *tьrpěvъ *tьrpę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *tьrpěxъ*tьrpě*tьrpě *tьrpľǫ*tьrpiši*tьrpitь
Dual *tьrpěxově*tьrpěsta*tьrpěste *tьrpivě*tьrpita*tьrpite
Plural *tьrpěxomъ*tьrpěste*tьrpěšę *tьrpimъ*tьrpite*tьrpętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *tьrpěaxъ*tьrpěaše*tьrpěaše —*tьrpi*tьrpi
Dual *tьrpěaxově*tьrpěašeta*tьrpěašete *tьrpivě*tьrpita—
Plural *tьrpěaxomъ*tьrpěašete*tьrpěaxǫ *tьrpimъ*tьrpite—

See also
adjective
noun
verb
  • *torpiti

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: тьрпѣти (tĭrpěti)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: trpěti
    • Old Polish: cirpieć, cirzpieć
    • Silesian: ciyrpieć
    • Slovak: trpieť
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: śerpeś
      • Upper Sorbian: ćerpjeć
  • Non-Slavic:

Further reading

References
  1. Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “оутрьнѫти”, in Staroslavjanskij slovarʹ (po rukopisjam X—XI vekov) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)], Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 753
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “tьrpěti: tьrpjǫ tьrpitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c lide (PR 139)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “trpẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*tьrpě̋ti”
  4. Orel, Vladimir (1998) Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 455=head=tërpi
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