Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/temür

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*temür

iron (metal)

Declension

Declension of *temür

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*temür
Accusative	temürnü, temürnüg ¹⁾
Genitive	*temürnüŋ
Dative	*temürke
Locative	*temürte
Ablative	*temürten
Instrumental ²⁾	*temürün
Equative ²⁾	*temürče

¹⁾ Found in early Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Derived terms

*temür-či (“blacksmith”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: тимӗр (timĕr)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: təmir
Proto-Oghuz: *demir, *demür
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Azerbaijani: dəmir
    - Ottoman Turkish: دمیر‎ (demir)
      - Turkish: demir
      - Gagauz: demir
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: demir
  - Salar: dimur, demir
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (temür)
  - Chagatai: تیمور‎ (temür)
    - Uzbek: temir
    - Uyghur: تۆمۈر‎ (tömür)
    - → Urdu: تیمور‎ (temūr)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: тимер (timer)
  - Tatar: тимер (timer)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: temir, demir
  - Kumyk: темир (temir)
  - Karachay-Balkar: темир (temir)
  - Karaim: темир
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: temir
    - Kazakh: темір (temır)
    - Nogai: темир (temir)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: темир (temir)
    - Southern Altai: темир (temir)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tämir)
  - Western Yugur: temïr
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: тимир (timir)
  - Dolgan: тимир
- Sayan Turkic:
  - Tofa: дэмир (demir)
  - Tuvan: демир (demir)
- Yenisei Turkic:
  - Khakas: тимір (timìr)
  - Shor: темир (temir), тебир (tebir)
  - Northern Altai: темир (temir)
Serbi–Mongolic:
- → Proto-Mongolic: *temür (“iron”)
  - Mongolian: төмөр (tömör, “iron”)
- → Khitan: 𘮾𘮒 (*? úr, “iron”)

References

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

Minerals in Proto-Turkic
Stone	stone: *tiāĺ	Iron	iron: *temür	Silver	silver: *kümüĺ
Gold	gold: *altun	Strawberry	copper: *bakïr	Chalk	chalk or earth: *bōr
Coal	coal: *kömür	Salt	salt: *tūŕ	Lead	lead: *korguĺčïn