peidio

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *pat- from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest”), with the suffix -io.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈpei̯djɔ/
  • (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈpei̯djɔ/
    • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈpei̯dɔ/, /ˈpiːdɔ/
  • Rhymes: -ei̯djɔ

Verb

peidio (first-person singular present peidiaf)

  1. (intransitive) to cease, stop, refrain

Usage notes

The imperative of this verb is used with â/ag plus verbal noun to form a negative imperative, for example:

  • Paid â mynd yn rhy feddw. ― Don't get too drunk. (literally, “Refrain from getting too drunk.”)
  • Peidiwch â phoeni am hynny. ― Don't worry about that.
  • Paid ag aros amdanaf i. ― Don't wait for me.

Other tenses of the verb can also be used to form a negative of a verbal noun:

  • Rydw i'n mwynhau peidio â gweithio ar ddydd Sadwrn. ― I enjoy not working on Saturdays.
  • Rhaid i chi beidio ag edrych yn syth ar yr haul. ― You must not look directly at the sun.

Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future peidiaf peidi paid peidiwn peidiwch peidiant peidir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional peidiwn peidit peidiai peidiem peidiech peidient peidid
preterite peidiais peidiaist peidiodd peidiasom peidiasoch peidiasant peidiwyd
pluperfect peidiaswn peidiasit peidiasai peidiasem peidiasech peidiasent peidiasid, peidiesid
present subjunctive peidiwyf peidiech peidio peidiom peidioch peidiont peidier
imperative — paid peidied peidiwn peidiwch peidient peidier
verbal noun peidio
verbal adjectives peidiedig
peidiadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future peidia i, peidiaf i peidi di peidith o/e/hi, peidiff e/hi peidiwn ni peidiwch chi peidian nhw
conditional peidiwn i, peidswn i peidiet ti, peidset ti peidiai fo/fe/hi, peidsai fo/fe/hi peidien ni, peidsen ni peidiech chi, peidsech chi peidien nhw, peidsen nhw
preterite peidiais i, peidies i peidiaist ti, peidiest ti peidiodd o/e/hi peidion ni peidioch chi peidion nhw
imperative — paid — — peidiwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
peidio beidio mheidio pheidio
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 201 iii (6)

Further reading
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “peidiaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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