turpa

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin turpis. Compare Italian turpe, French turpide, turpe, English turpid.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈturpa]
Rhymes: -urpa
Hyphenation: tur‧pa

Adjective

turpa

(literary) very ugly
Synonym: malbelega

Hyponym: hida

Finnish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈturpɑ/, [ˈt̪urpɑ]
Rhymes: -urpɑ
Syllabification^(key): tur‧pa

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *turpa, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *turpa. Cognates include Erzya турва (turva, “lip”), Moksha търва (tǎrva, “lip”), Western Mari тӱрвӧ (türvö, “lip”), Udmurt тырпы (tyrpy, “lip”), and Komi-Permyak тырп (tyrp, “lip”).

Noun

turpa

muzzle (protruding part of an ungulate's head)
see also kuono
(colloquial, mildly vulgar) mouth, face, trap
Pidä turpasi kiinni!
Keep your mouth shut!

Turpa kiinni!
Shut your trap!

Usage notes

In Finnish the word turpa is chiefly used of the muzzle of herbivores, whereas kuono refers to carnivores. The snout of a pig and the trunk of e.g. an elephant are called kärsä.

Declension

Inflection of turpa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation)
nominative		turpa	turvat
genitive		turvan	turpien
partitive		turpaa	turpia
illative		turpaan	turpiin
		singular	plural
nominative		turpa	turvat
accusative	nom.	turpa	turvat
accusative	gen.	turvan	turvat
genitive		turvan	turpien turpain^rare
partitive		turpaa	turpia
inessive		turvassa	turvissa
elative		turvasta	turvista
illative		turpaan	turpiin
adessive		turvalla	turvilla
ablative		turvalta	turvilta
allative		turvalle	turville
essive		turpana	turpina
translative		turvaksi	turviksi
instructive		—	turvin
abessive		turvatta	turvitta
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of turpa (type koira)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpani	turpani
accusative	nom.	turpani	turpani
accusative	gen.	turpani	turpani
genitive		turpani	turpieni turpaini^rare
partitive		turpaani	turpiani
inessive		turvassani	turvissani
elative		turvastani	turvistani
illative		turpaani	turpiini
adessive		turvallani	turvillani
ablative		turvaltani	turviltani
allative		turvalleni	turvilleni
essive		turpanani	turpinani
translative		turvakseni	turvikseni
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattani	turvittani
comitative		—	turpineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpasi	turpasi
accusative	nom.	turpasi	turpasi
accusative	gen.	turpasi	turpasi
genitive		turpasi	turpiesi turpaisi^rare
partitive		turpaasi	turpiasi
inessive		turvassasi	turvissasi
elative		turvastasi	turvistasi
illative		turpaasi	turpiisi
adessive		turvallasi	turvillasi
ablative		turvaltasi	turviltasi
allative		turvallesi	turvillesi
essive		turpanasi	turpinasi
translative		turvaksesi	turviksesi
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattasi	turvittasi
comitative		—	turpinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpamme	turpamme
accusative	nom.	turpamme	turpamme
accusative	gen.	turpamme	turpamme
genitive		turpamme	turpiemme turpaimme^rare
partitive		turpaamme	turpiamme
inessive		turvassamme	turvissamme
elative		turvastamme	turvistamme
illative		turpaamme	turpiimme
adessive		turvallamme	turvillamme
ablative		turvaltamme	turviltamme
allative		turvallemme	turvillemme
essive		turpanamme	turpinamme
translative		turvaksemme	turviksemme
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattamme	turvittamme
comitative		—	turpinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpanne	turpanne
accusative	nom.	turpanne	turpanne
accusative	gen.	turpanne	turpanne
genitive		turpanne	turpienne turpainne^rare
partitive		turpaanne	turpianne
inessive		turvassanne	turvissanne
elative		turvastanne	turvistanne
illative		turpaanne	turpiinne
adessive		turvallanne	turvillanne
ablative		turvaltanne	turviltanne
allative		turvallenne	turvillenne
essive		turpananne	turpinanne
translative		turvaksenne	turviksenne
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattanne	turvittanne
comitative		—	turpinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpansa	turpansa
accusative	nom.	turpansa	turpansa
accusative	gen.	turpansa	turpansa
genitive		turpansa	turpiensa turpainsa^rare
partitive		turpaansa	turpiaan turpiansa
inessive		turvassaan turvassansa	turvissaan turvissansa
elative		turvastaan turvastansa	turvistaan turvistansa
illative		turpaansa	turpiinsa
adessive		turvallaan turvallansa	turvillaan turvillansa
ablative		turvaltaan turvaltansa	turviltaan turviltansa
allative		turvalleen turvallensa	turvilleen turvillensa
essive		turpanaan turpanansa	turpinaan turpinansa
translative		turvakseen turvaksensa	turvikseen turviksensa
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattaan turvattansa	turvittaan turvittansa
comitative		—	turpineen turpinensa

Derived terms

antaa turpaan, vetää turpaan, lyödä turpaan (“to batter, thrash, beat up”)
saada turpaansa, ottaa turpaansa, tulla turpaan, tulla turpiin (“to be battered, thrashed, beaten up”)
turpakäräjät
turpasauna
turpajuhlat
turpaanveto

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *turpa, possibly the same as etymology 1, but this is uncertain due to the distributions of the two words not lining up.

Noun

turpa

European chub, Squalius cephalus (syn. Leuciscus cephalus)

Declension

Inflection of turpa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation)
nominative		turpa	turvat
genitive		turvan	turpien
partitive		turpaa	turpia
illative		turpaan	turpiin
		singular	plural
nominative		turpa	turvat
accusative	nom.	turpa	turvat
accusative	gen.	turvan	turvat
genitive		turvan	turpien turpain^rare
partitive		turpaa	turpia
inessive		turvassa	turvissa
elative		turvasta	turvista
illative		turpaan	turpiin
adessive		turvalla	turvilla
ablative		turvalta	turvilta
allative		turvalle	turville
essive		turpana	turpina
translative		turvaksi	turviksi
instructive		—	turvin
abessive		turvatta	turvitta
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of turpa (type koira)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpani	turpani
accusative	nom.	turpani	turpani
accusative	gen.	turpani	turpani
genitive		turpani	turpieni turpaini^rare
partitive		turpaani	turpiani
inessive		turvassani	turvissani
elative		turvastani	turvistani
illative		turpaani	turpiini
adessive		turvallani	turvillani
ablative		turvaltani	turviltani
allative		turvalleni	turvilleni
essive		turpanani	turpinani
translative		turvakseni	turvikseni
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattani	turvittani
comitative		—	turpineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpasi	turpasi
accusative	nom.	turpasi	turpasi
accusative	gen.	turpasi	turpasi
genitive		turpasi	turpiesi turpaisi^rare
partitive		turpaasi	turpiasi
inessive		turvassasi	turvissasi
elative		turvastasi	turvistasi
illative		turpaasi	turpiisi
adessive		turvallasi	turvillasi
ablative		turvaltasi	turviltasi
allative		turvallesi	turvillesi
essive		turpanasi	turpinasi
translative		turvaksesi	turviksesi
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattasi	turvittasi
comitative		—	turpinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpamme	turpamme
accusative	nom.	turpamme	turpamme
accusative	gen.	turpamme	turpamme
genitive		turpamme	turpiemme turpaimme^rare
partitive		turpaamme	turpiamme
inessive		turvassamme	turvissamme
elative		turvastamme	turvistamme
illative		turpaamme	turpiimme
adessive		turvallamme	turvillamme
ablative		turvaltamme	turviltamme
allative		turvallemme	turvillemme
essive		turpanamme	turpinamme
translative		turvaksemme	turviksemme
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattamme	turvittamme
comitative		—	turpinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpanne	turpanne
accusative	nom.	turpanne	turpanne
accusative	gen.	turpanne	turpanne
genitive		turpanne	turpienne turpainne^rare
partitive		turpaanne	turpianne
inessive		turvassanne	turvissanne
elative		turvastanne	turvistanne
illative		turpaanne	turpiinne
adessive		turvallanne	turvillanne
ablative		turvaltanne	turviltanne
allative		turvallenne	turvillenne
essive		turpananne	turpinanne
translative		turvaksenne	turviksenne
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattanne	turvittanne
comitative		—	turpinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turpansa	turpansa
accusative	nom.	turpansa	turpansa
accusative	gen.	turpansa	turpansa
genitive		turpansa	turpiensa turpainsa^rare
partitive		turpaansa	turpiaan turpiansa
inessive		turvassaan turvassansa	turvissaan turvissansa
elative		turvastaan turvastansa	turvistaan turvistansa
illative		turpaansa	turpiinsa
adessive		turvallaan turvallansa	turvillaan turvillansa
ablative		turvaltaan turvaltansa	turviltaan turviltansa
allative		turvalleen turvallensa	turvilleen turvillensa
essive		turpanaan turpanansa	turpinaan turpinansa
translative		turvakseen turvaksensa	turvikseen turviksensa
instructive		—	—
abessive		turvattaan turvattansa	turvittaan turvittansa
comitative		—	turpineen turpinensa

Anagrams

parut, purat, raput

Latin

Verb

turpā

second-person singular present active imperative of turpō

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *turpeda.

Pronunciation

(Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈturpɑː/, [ˈturpɑ]
Rhymes: -urpɑː
Hyphenation: tur‧pa

Adjective

turpa

swollen
thick, dense

Inflection

Declension of turpa (type VI/valka, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	turpa	turpad
genitive	turpa	turpõje, turpõjõ, turpai
partitive	turpatõ	turpaitõ, turpai
illative	turpa, turpaasõ	turpõje, turpõjõ, turpaisõ
inessive	turpaz	turpaiz
elative	turpassõ	turpaissõ
allative	turpalõ	turpailõ
adessive	turpallõ	turpaillõ
ablative	turpaltõ	turpailtõ
translative	turpassi	turpaissi
^) the accusative* corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) ^) the terminative** is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive. ^*) the comitative** is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “turpõa”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn

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