خدا

See also: جدا‎ and حدا‎

Balti

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /χu.dɑː/, [χu.dɑː]
  • Hyphenation: خُ‧دَا

Noun

خُدَا (xudâ) (Tibetan script ཁུ༹་དཱ‎)

  1. God

Baluchi

Noun

خدا • (xuda)

  1. God, god

See also

Laki

Noun

خدا (xda)

  1. God, god

Persian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier خدای‎ (xodây), from Middle Persian [script needed] (hwtʾy /xwadāy/, “lord”) (Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫑𐫇𐫅𐫀𐫏‎ (xwadāy)), with both religious and secular connotations. Rendered in Book Pahlavi as the ideogram [script needed] (MRA) (Aramaic 𐡌𐡍𐡀‎ (mnʾ /mara/), also meaning "lord"), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *hwatā́wā (“lord, god”).

Cognates with Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬜𐬀𐬙𐬀‎ (xᵛaδata, “self-determined”) (in the sense of "not dependent on anything/anyone"), Bactrian χοαδηο (xoadēo, “lord”), Northern Kurdish xwedê and Central Kurdish خوا‎ (xwa), Sanskrit स्वधा (svádhā). Also related to خود‎ (xod, “self”), خدیو‎ (xadiv, “lord, master”), خاتون‎ (xâtun, “lady, noblewoman”).

Pronunciation
  • (Dari): IPA(key): /xʊdɒː/

Noun
Dari خدا
Iranian Persian
Tajik Худо, худо (Xudo, xudo)

خدا • (xodâ) (plural خدایان‎ (xodâyân))

  1. God, god
  2. lord
  3. patron
  4. chief
  5. master
  6. owner

Inflection
    Predicative forms of خدا (xodâ)
singular plural
1st person
(“I am, we are”)		 خدایم‎
(xodâyam)
خدام‎ △
(xodâm)		 خداییم‎
(xodâyim)
2nd person
(“you are”)		 خدایی‎
(xodâyi)		 خدایید‎
(xodâyid)
خدایین‎ △
(xodâyin)
3rd person
(“he/she/it is, they are”)		 خداست‎
(xodâst)
خداس، خدائه‎ △
(xodâs, xodâe)		 خدایند‎
(xodâyand)
خدان‎ △
(xodân)
△ Colloquial.

Descendants
  • Tajik: худо (xudo), Худо (Xudo)
  • → Azerbaijani: xuda
  • → Balti: ཁུ༹་དཱ (xu dā)
  • → Bashkir: хоҙай (xoðay)
  • → Bengali: খোদা (khōda)
  • ⇒ Chinese:
    → Dungan: хўда (hwda), Хўда (Hwda)
    → Mandarin: 胡大 (Húdà) (often Lanyin and Zhongyuan), 胡達／胡达 (Húdá) (Yinchuan, Xining, Ürümqi, and Sokuluk)
  • → Crimean Tatar: quday
  • → Hindustani:
    Hindi: ख़ुदा (xudā)
    • → Romani: xulay
    Urdu: خدا‎ (xudā)
  • → Kazakh: құдай (qūdai)
  • → Karakalpak: quday
  • → Khakas: худай (xuday)
  • → Kyrgyz: кудай (kuday)
  • → Kumyk: худай (xuday)
  • → Southern Altai: кудай (kuday)
  • → Shor: қудай
  • → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਖੁਦਾ (khudā)
    Shahmukhi script: خدا‎ (xudā)
  • → Tatar: ходай (xoday)
  • → Turkish: hüda
  • → Uyghur: خۇدا‎ (xuda)
  • → Uzbek: xudo

References
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “xwadāy”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 95

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خدا‎ (xudā).

Pronunciation
  • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /xʊ.d̪ɑː/
  • (Deccani) IPA(key): /xʊ.d̪ɑː/
  • Audio (PK)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑː

Noun

خُدا • (xudā) m (Hindi spelling ख़ुदा)

  1. God
    ‏مخلوق میں خالق کا نظر آیا جس کو اس دیکھنے والے نے خدا کو دیکھا۔‎‎
    maxlūq mẽ xāliq kā nazar āyā jis ko us dekhne vāle ne xudā ko dekhā.
    Who has seen the creator in the creation, that observer has seen God.
  2. god
    ‏تمہارا یہ پتھر کا خدا کیا کر سکتا ہے؟‎‎
    tumhārā ye paththar kā xudā kyā kar saktā hai?
    What can this god of stone of yours do?
  3. lord
  4. master, owner
  5. (figurative) husband

Synonyms

Derived terms

References
  • “خدا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “خدا”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “خدا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
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