ه
See also: ۀ [U+06C0 ARABIC LETTER HEH WITH YEH ABOVE], ة [U+0629 ARABIC LETTER TEH MARBUTA], ہ [U+06C1 ARABIC LETTER HEH GOAL], ھ [U+06BE ARABIC LETTER HEH DOACHASHMEE], ە [U+06D5 ARABIC LETTER AE], and Appendix:Variations of "h"
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Arabic
Etymology 1
Letter
ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه • (hāʔ)
Etymology 2
Pronoun
ـهُ or ـهُۥ or ـهِ or ـهِۦ • (-hu or -hū or -hi or -hī) m sg
- him, his, it, its (bound object pronoun, referring to inanimate nouns of masculine gender)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 5:32:
- مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ كَتَبْنَا عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّهُ مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا
- min ʔajli ḏālika katabnā ʕalā banī ʔisrāʔīla ʔannahu man qatala nafsan bi-ḡayri nafsin ʔaw fasādin fi l-ʔarḍi fa-ka-ʔannamā qatala n-nāsa jamīʕan wa-man ʔaḥyāhā fa-ka-ʔannamā ʔaḥyā n-nāsa jamīʕan
- Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors.
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Usage notes
The form ـهِ (-hi) appears after y and ī, the form ـهِ (-hī) after i, the form ـهُ (-hu) after other consonants and long vowels, the form ـهُ (-hū) after short vowels.
See also
Arabic personal pronouns
| Isolated nominative pronouns | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | ||
| 1st person | أَنَا (ʔanā) | نَحْنُ (naḥnu) | ||
| 2nd person | m | أَنْتَ (ʔanta) | أَنْتُمَا (ʔantumā) | أَنْتُمْ (ʔantum) |
| f | أَنْتِ (ʔanti) | أَنْتُنَّ (ʔantunna) | ||
| 3rd person | m | هُوَ (huwa) | هُمَا (humā) | هُمْ (hum), هُمُ (humu)1 |
| f | هِيَ (hiya) | هُنَّ (hunna) | ||
| Isolated accusative pronouns | ||||
| singular | dual | plural | ||
| 1st person | إِيَّايَ (ʔiyyāya) | إِيَّانَا (ʔiyyānā) | ||
| 2nd person | m | إِيَّاكَ (ʔiyyāka) | إِيَّاكُمَا (ʔiyyākumā) | إِيَّاكُم (ʔiyyākum) |
| f | إِيَّاكِ (ʔiyyāki) | إِيَّاكُنَّ (ʔiyyākunna) | ||
| 3rd person | m | إِيَّاهُ (ʔiyyāhu) | إِيَّاهُمَا (ʔiyyāhumā) | إِيَّاهُمْ (ʔiyyāhum) |
| f | إِيَّاهَا (ʔiyyāhā) | إِيَّاهُنَّ (ʔiyyāhunna) | ||
| Enclitic accusative and genitive pronouns | ||||
| singular | dual | plural | ||
| 1st person | ـنِي (-nī), ـنِيَ (-niya), ـي (-y), ـيَ (-ya)2 | ـنَا (-nā) | ||
| 2nd person | m | ـكَ (-ka) | ـكُمَا (-kumā) | ـكُم (-kum) |
| f | ـكِ (-ki) | ـكُنَّ (-kunna) | ||
| 3rd person | m | ـهُ (-hu), ـهِ (-hi)3 | ـهُمَا (-humā), ـهِمَا (-himā)3 | ـهُم (-hum), ـهِم (-him)3 |
| f | ـهَا (-hā) | ـهُنَّ (-hunna), ـهِنَّ (-hinna)3 | ||
| 1. هُمْ (hum) becomes هُمُ (humu) before the definite article الـ (al--). 2. Specifically, ـنِي (-nī, “me”) is attached to verbs, but ـِي (-ī) or ـيَ (-ya, “my”) is attached to nouns. In the latter case, ـيَ (-ya) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a long vowel or diphthong (e.g. in the sound masculine plural and the dual), while ـِي (-ī) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a short vowel, in which case that vowel is elided (e.g. in the sound feminine plural, as well as the singular and broken plural of most nouns). Furthermore, -ū of the masculine sound plural is assimilated to -ī before ـيَ (-ya) (presumably, -aw of masculine defective -an plurals is similarly assimilated to -ay). Prepositions use ـِي (-ī) or ـيَ (-ya), even though in this case it has the meaning of “me” rather than “my”. The sisters of inna can use either form (e.g. إِنَّنِي (ʔinnanī) or إِنِّي (ʔinnī)). 3. ـهِـ (-hi-) occurs after -i, -ī, or -ay, and ـهُـ (-hu-) elsewhere (after -a, -ā, -u, -ū, -aw). | ||||
Etymology 3
Etymology 4
From Proto-Semitic *ha. Cognate to Hebrew הֲ־ (hă-).
Derived terms
- هَل (hal)
See also
- (Arabic script letters) ا (ā), ب (b), ت (t), ث (ṯ), ج (j), ح (ḥ), خ (ḵ), د (d), ذ (ḏ), ر (r), ز (z), س (s), ش (š), ص (ṣ), ض (ḍ), ط (ṭ), ظ (ẓ), ع (ʕ), غ (ḡ), ف (f), ق (q), ك (k), ل (l), م (m), ن (n), ه (h), و (w), ي (y)
- ة
- ہ (Kurdish /æ/ and Uyghur /ɛ/ or /æ/)
- ہ (Urdu he)
- ھ (Urdu, Kashmiri, and Punjabi do-cašmī he)
- Wikipedia article on the Arabic alphabet
- Search en.wiktionary.org for articles beginning with: ه
Egyptian Arabic
Usage notes
After a vowel, manifests itself only by lengthening the vowel and transferring the stress onto it (except before the negative suffix š, where it appears as -hū-).
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Name of letter) IPA(key): [hɐ simpol], [hɐ bəsa(r)]
- (Phoneme) IPA(key): [h]
Letter
ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه
North Levantine Arabic
Alternative forms
- ـو
Suffix
ـه or ه • (-o/-u after consonant or -h after vowel) m
Usage notes
Ottoman Turkish
Letter
ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه • (he)
- A letter of the Ottoman Turkish alphabet.
Usage notes
- When used as a vowel, never connects to the following letter.
- At the end of an Arabic word ending in teh marbuta, sometimes written as ة to reflect the etymology.
- At the end of the first word in an ezafe construct, when representing a vowel, sometimes written هٔ to suggest a stop between the end of the base word and the normally unwritten vowel of the -i suffix.
Etymology 2
From Proto-Turkic *-ke.
Suffix
ـه • (-a, -e)
- Forms dative case
Suffix
ـه • (-a, -e)
Derived terms
Ottoman Turkish terms suffixed with ـه
Pashto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ˈɡərda he/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /h/, /a/, /ə/
Letter
ه • (gërda he)
- The thirty-ninth letter of the Pashto alphabet.
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ه | ـه | ـهـ | هـ |
Persian
Pronunciation
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /he/
Audio (file)
Letter
ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه • (he)
- The thirty-first letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by و and followed by ی. Its name is هه or هِ.
Etymology 2
From Middle Persian -k' (-ag), from Proto-Iranian *-akah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-akas . Compare Old Armenian -ակ (-ak).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /a/
- (Dari Persian) IPA(key): /a/
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /e/
- (Tajik) IPA(key): /a/
Suffix
| Dari | ـه |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | -а (-a) |
ـه • (-e)
- Suffix forming adjectives from verbal stems
- Suffix forming nouns, from adjectives and present stems
- (colloquial) Suffix functioning as the impersonal pronoun one (“one thing (among a group of others)”)
- کدوم رو میخوای؟ آبیه.
- - kodum ro mi-xây? -âbiye.
- - Which one do you want? -The blue one.
Usage notes
Nouns formed with this suffix may take the ezafe spelled as such: ـهٔ (-e-ye) or sometimes ـهی (-e-ye).
Derived terms
Persian terms suffixed with ه
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /a/
- (Dari Persian) IPA(key): /a/
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /e/
- (Tajik) IPA(key): /a/
Usage notes
Same as above.
Derived terms
Persian terms suffixed with ه (Arabic)
South Levantine Arabic
Alternative forms
- ـو
Usage notes
See also
| South Levantine Arabic enclitic pronouns | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| after consonant | after vowel | |||
| 1st person | after verb | ـني (-ni) | ـنا (-na) | |
| else | ـِي (-i) | ـي (-y) | ||
| 2nd person | m | ـَك (-ak) | ـك (-k) | ـكُم (-kom) / ـكو (-ku) |
| f | ـِك (-ek) | ـكي (-ki) | ||
| 3rd person | m | ـُه (-o) | ـه (-h) | ـهُم (-hom) |
| f | ـها (-ha) | |||
Etymology 2
Clipping of هاد (hād).
Determiner
هـ • (ha-)
Yoruba
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ه | ـه | ـهـ | هـ |
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