گذشتن

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wtštn' /widaštan/), [script needed] (wtltn' /widardan/, “pass, cross, die”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tajik) IPA(key): /ɡuzaʃˈtan/

Verb

Dari گذشتن
Iranian Persian
Tajik гузаштан (guzaštan)

گُذَشتَن • (gozaštan), present stem گُذَر‎ (gozar) (intransitive)

  1. to pass, to pass away (especially of time)
    ‏این نیز بگذرد‎‎ ― in niz bogzorad ― this too shall pass
    • c. 1100, Omar Khayyam, Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam:
      ‏از دی که گذشت هیچ از آن یاد مکن
      فردا که نیامده است فریاد مکن.
      ‎‎
      az dî ki guzašt hêč az ân yâd ma-kun
      fardâ ki nay-âmada ast faryâd ma-kun
      The yesterday that's gone, you must forget what it was
      For the tomorrow not come, don't flitter and fuss.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
    • c. 1789, Wajīh al-Dīn Ashraf, بحرِ زخّار [Bahr-i Zaxxār]:
      ‏چنانچه بعد از نماز چهار روز گذشت و باران نبارید […]‎
      čunânči ba'd az namâz čahâr rôz guzašt u bârân na-bârîd […]
      when four days passed after the prayer and it did not rain […]
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  2. to pass away; to die
    Synonym: درگذشتن‎ (dargozaštan)
  3. to cross over
    ‏از این رودخانه گذشتم.‎‎
    az in rudxâne gozaštam.
    I crossed over this river.
  4. to overlook; to pardon (a wrong, a sin)

Usage notes

  • گذشتن (gozaštan) is intransitive, and in senses that are equivalent to English transitive verbs, از‎ (az) is used for what in English would be the direct object.

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

  1. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “widardan”/“widaštan”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 90
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