凋

See also: 彫 and 雕

凋	U+51CB, 凋 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51CB

← 凊
[U+51CA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

凌 →
[U+51CC]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

凋 (Kangxi radical 15, 冫+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈一月土口 (IMBGR), four-corner 3712₀, composition ⿰冫周)

Derived characters

𪄄𦶌

References

KangXi: page 132, character 44
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1668
Dae Jaweon: page 296, character 32
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 299, character 7
Unihan data for U+51CB

Chinese

trad.		凋
simp. ^#		凋
2nd round simp.		刁
alternative forms		彫／雕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 凋
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (周) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
裯	tuːw, dɯw, *do
啁	tuːw, rtɯːw, *tɯw
禂	*tuːwʔ
綢	tʰuːw, dɯw
翢	tʰuːw, duːw
錭	*duːw
雕	*tɯːw
凋	*tɯːw
琱	*tɯːw
鯛	*tɯːw
鵰	*tɯːw
彫	*tɯːw
奝	*tɯːw
調	dɯːw, dɯːws, *tɯw
蜩	*dɯːw
惆	*tʰɯw
婤	tʰɯw, tjɯw
稠	*dɯw
椆	dɯw, tjɯws
周	*tjɯw
輖	*tjɯw
賙	*tjɯw
郮	*tjɯw
晭	*tjɯwʔ
倜	*tʰɯːwɢ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): diāo (diao¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄠ
Cantonese (Jyutping): diu¹
Min Nan (POJ): tiau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: diāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: diao
  - Wade–Giles: tiao¹
  - Yale: dyāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diau
  - Palladius: дяо (djao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tjɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: diu¹
  - Yale: dīu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: diu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: diu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiːu̯⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiau
  - Tâi-lô: tiau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diaw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiau³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiau⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /teu/

Rime
Character	凋
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	都聊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/teu/
Pan Wuyun	/teu/
Shao Rongfen	/teu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛw/
Li Rong	/teu/
Wang Li	/tieu/
Bernard Karlgren	/tieu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	diāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	diu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤiw/

(Zhengzhang): /*tɯːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	凋
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	diāo
Middle Chinese	‹ tew ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁiw/
English	wither (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	凋
Reading #	1/1
No.	17514
Phonetic component	周
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	貂
Old Chinese	/*tɯːw/

Definitions

凋

to wither; to fall
to exhaust; to fade
(of life and business) depressed; in decline

Compounds

不凋
凋亡 (diāowáng)
凋兵
凋厥
凋弊
凋敝 (diāobì)
凋疏
凋萎

凋落 (diāoluò)
凋零 (diāolíng)
急景凋年
民力凋弊
民生凋敝
凋換／凋换
凋敗／凋败

凋殘／凋残 (diāocán)
凋謝／凋谢 (diāoxiè)
家業凋零／家业凋零
後凋／后凋
松柏後凋／松柏后凋
歲寒不凋／岁寒不凋
老成凋謝／老成凋谢

Japanese

Kanji

凋

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

wither, wilt, fade

Readings

Go-on: ちょう (chō)
Kan-on: ちょう (chō)
Kun: しぼむ (shibomu, 凋む); おちぶれる (ochibureru)

Korean

Hanja

凋 (eum 조 (jo))

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Vietnamese

Han character

凋: Hán Nôm readings: điêu

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