鯛

See also: 鲷
鯛 U+9BDB, 鯛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BDB
← 鯚
[U+9BDA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鯜 →
[U+9BDC]

Translingual

Han character

鯛 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+8, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓火月土口 (NFBGR), four-corner 27320, composition ⿰魚周)

  1. sea bream, porgy

References
  • KangXi: page 1472, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46226
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2004, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4697, character 18
  • Unihan data for U+9BDB

Chinese
trad. 鯛
simp. 鲷

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (周) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
裯 *tuːw, *dɯw, *do
啁 *tuːw, *rtɯːw, *tɯw
禂 *tuːwʔ
綢 *tʰuːw, *dɯw
翢 *tʰuːw, *duːw
錭 *duːw
雕 *tɯːw
凋 *tɯːw
琱 *tɯːw
鯛 *tɯːw
鵰 *tɯːw
彫 *tɯːw
奝 *tɯːw
調 *dɯːw, *dɯːws, *tɯw
蜩 *dɯːw
惆 *tʰɯw
婤 *tʰɯw, *tjɯw
稠 *dɯw
椆 *dɯw, *tjɯws
周 *tjɯw
輖 *tjɯw
賙 *tjɯw
郮 *tjɯw
晭 *tjɯwʔ
倜 *tʰɯːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tɯːw) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 周 (OC *tjɯw).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 鯛
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 蕭 (93)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 都聊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /teu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /teu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /teu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tɛw/
Li
Rong		 /teu/
Wang
Li		 /tieu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tieu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 diāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 diu1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鯛
Reading # 1/1
No. 17516
Phonetic
component		 周
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 貂
Old
Chinese		 /*tɯːw/

Definitions

鯛

  1. sea bream
    蒲燒鯛炒飯／蒲烧鲷炒饭  ―  pú shāo diāo chǎofàn  ―  Kabayaki sea bream fried rice

Synonyms
  • 鯛鱼／鲷鱼

Compounds
  • 丁鯛／丁鲷
  • 的鯛／的鲷
  • 真鯛／真鲷
  • 菱鯛／菱鲷
  • 雀鯛／雀鲷

Japanese
Shinjitai 鯛
Kyūjitai
[1]
鯛󠄁
鯛+󠄁?
(Adobe-Japan1)
鯛󠄄
鯛+󠄄?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
鯛

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. sea bream
  2. red snapper

Readings

Etymology
鯛: a sea bream
Kanji in this term
鯛
たい
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

/tapi1/ → /tapi/ → /tafi/ → /tai/

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

Noun

鯛(たい) • (tai) ←たひ (tafi)?

  1. sea bream (fish of the family Sparidae); porgy
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 16, poem 3829), text here
      醤(ひしほ)酢尓(すに)蒜(ひる)都伎(つき)合(かて)而(て)鯛(たひ)願(ねがふ)吾(われ)尓(に)勿(な)所見(みえそ)水䓗(なぎ)乃(の)煮物(あつもの) [Man'yōgana]
      醤(ひしほ)酢(す)に蒜(ひる)搗(つ)きかてて鯛(たひ)願(ねが)ふ我(わ)れにな見(み)えそ水葱(なぎ)の羹(あつもの) [Modern spelling]
      hishio-su ni hiru tsukikatete tai-negau ware ni na mi(s)e so nagi no atsumono
      Don't show a fellow who's begging for a nice sea bream all fixed with bean paste, with vinegar and pounded garlic, such a thing as water-leek soup![4]
  2. specifically, the 真鯛(まだ) (mada, “red sea bream”)

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 鯛島(たいじま) (taijima)
  • 鯛焼(たいやき), 鯛(たい)焼(や)き (taiyaki)
  • 赤(あこ)魚(う)鯛(だい) (akou-dai)
  • 甘(あま)鯛(だい) (amadai, “tilefish”)
  • 石(いし)鯛(だい) (ishidai)
  • 一等(いっとう)鯛(だい) (ittō-dai)
  • 糸撚(いとより)鯛(だい) (itoyori-dai)
  • 疣(いぼ)鯛(だい) (ibodai, “Japanese butterfish”)
  • 烏帽子(えぼし)鯛(だい) (eboshi-dai, “man-of-war fish”)
  • 寒(かん)鯛(だい) (kandai)
  • 黄(き)鯛(だい) (kidai)
  • 狐(きつね)鯛(だい) (kitsunedai)
  • 巾(きん)着(ちゃく)鯛(だい) (kinchaku-dai)
  • 金時(きんとき)鯛(だい) (kintoki-dai)
  • 金(きん)目(め)鯛(だい), 金(きん)眼(め)鯛(だい) (kinmedai)
  • 銀(ぎん)目(め)鯛(だい), 銀(ぎん)眼(め)鯛(だい) (ginmedai)
  • 黒(くろ)鯛(だい) (kurodai, “black porgy”)
  • 瘤(こぶ)鯛(だい) (kobudai)
  • 桜(さくら)鯛(だい) (sakuradai)
  • 雀(すずめ)鯛(だい) (suzumedai)
  • 千年(せんねん)鯛(だい) (sennen-dai)
  • 鷹(たか)の羽(は)鯛(だい) (taka no hadai)
  • 血(ち)鯛(だい) (chidai)
  • 茅渟(ちぬ)鯛(だい) (chinudai)
  • 天竺(てんじく)鯛(だい) (tenjiku-dai)
  • 仁座(にざ)鯛(だい) (nizadai)
  • 浜(はま)鯛(だい) (hamadai)
  • 姫(ひめ)鯛(だい) (himedai)
  • 笛(ふえ)鯛(だい) (fuedai)
  • 笛(ふえ)奴(やっこ)鯛(だい) (fue-yakko-dai)
  • 武(ぶ)鯛(だい), 不(ぶ)鯛(だい) (budai)
  • 平(へ)鯛(だい) (hedai)
  • 真(ま)鯛(だい) (madai)
  • 的(まとう)鯛(だい) (matōdai, “John Dory”)

Idioms

See also

Proper noun

鯛(たい) • (Tai) ←たひ (tafi)?

  1. a surname

References
  1. “鯛”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. Edwin A. Cranston (1998) The Gem-Glistening Cup, illustrated edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 281

Korean

Hanja

鯛 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

  1. (도미) sea bream

Vietnamese

Han character

鯛: Hán Nôm readings: điêu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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