嗆

See also: 呛

嗆	U+55C6, 嗆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55C6

← 嗅
[U+55C5]

CJK Unified Ideographs

嗇 →
[U+55C7]

Translingual

Han character

嗆 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口人戈口 (ROIR), four-corner 6806₇, composition ⿰口倉)

to choke with smoke
to irritate the nose

References

KangXi: page 202, character 3

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4051

Dae Jaweon: page 424, character 30

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 669, character 10

Unihan data for U+55C6

Chinese

trad.		嗆
simp.		呛
alternative forms		熗／炝 “to irritate”

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (倉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
艙	*sʰaːŋ
倉	*sʰaːŋ
蒼	sʰaːŋ, sʰaːŋʔ
滄	sʰaːŋ, sʰraŋs
傖	sʰaːŋ, zraːŋ
鶬	*sʰaːŋ
凔	*sʰaːŋ
槍	sʰaŋ, sʰraːŋ
搶	sʰaŋ, sʰaŋʔ, *sʰraŋʔ
蹌	*sʰaŋ
瑲	*sʰaŋ
牄	*sʰaŋ
嗆	*sʰaŋs
創	sʰraŋ, sʰraŋs
瘡	*sʰraŋ
愴	sʰraŋʔ, sʰraŋs
鎗	*sʰraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰaŋs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiāng (qiang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng¹
Min Nan (POJ): chhiùⁿ / chhngh

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciang
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiang¹
  - Yale: chyāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiang
  - Palladius: цян (cjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng¹
  - Yale: chēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœːŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiùⁿ / chhngh
  - Tâi-lô: tshiùnn / tshngh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chviux, zhngq
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiũ²¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍ʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiũ⁴¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍ʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiũ²¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍ʔ³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiũ¹¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍ʔ³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiũ²¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍ʔ³²/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sʰaŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嗆
Reading #	1/1
No.	1138
Phonetic component	倉
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	蹡
Old Chinese	/*sʰaŋs/
Notes	搶晚起分化字

Definitions

嗆

to gag; to retch

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiàng (qiang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng³
Min Nan (POJ): chhiòng / chhiàng / chhiùⁿ / chhngh / chhǹg

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciàng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiang⁴
  - Yale: chyàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianq
  - Palladius: цян (cjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng³
  - Yale: cheung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng³
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœːŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiòng
  - Tâi-lô: tshiòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chioxng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiàng
  - Tâi-lô: tshiàng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiaxng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiaŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiùⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tshiùnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chviux
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiũ¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiũ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiũ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhngh
  - Tâi-lô: tshngh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhngq
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰŋ̍ʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍ʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhǹg
  - Tâi-lô: tshǹg
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhngx
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍²¹/

Note:

chhiòng/chhiàng - literary;
chhiùⁿ/chhngh/chhǹg - vernacular.

Definitions

嗆

(of smoke or odour) to irritate the nose

Compounds

倒嗆／倒呛
嗆咳／呛咳 (qiàngké)

嗆啍／呛啍
嗆鼻／呛鼻

夠嗆／够呛 (gòuqiàng)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00659
“嗆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

嗆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): しょう (shō), そう (sō)

Kun: ついばむ (tsuibamu), むせる (museru), つまる (tsumaru)

Korean

Hanja

嗆 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

嗆: Hán Nôm readings: sang

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