培

培 U+57F9, 培
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-57F9
← 埸
[U+57F8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 基 →
[U+57FA]

Translingual

Han character

培 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土卜廿口 (GYTR), four-corner 40161, composition ⿰土咅)

Derived characters
  • 𣼯, 𦟷, 𦹷, 𢊫

References
  • KangXi: page 231, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5195
  • Dae Jaweon: page 468, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 457, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+57F9

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 培

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (咅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蓓 *bɯːʔ, *bɯːʔ
倍 *bɯːʔ
菩 *bɯːʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː, *bɯːɡ
掊 *bruː, *poːʔ, *bɯ, *bɯ
剖 *pʰoːʔ, *pʰoʔ
婄 *pʰɯʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː
踣 *pʰɯs, *bɯːɡ
箁 *bɯ
咅 *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs
部 *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ
培 *boːʔ, *bɯː
犃 *boːʔ
瓿 *boːʔ, *bɯ, *bo
殕 *pɯʔ, *pʰoʔ, *qɯːɡ
醅 *pʰɯ, *pʰɯː
棓 *bɯ, *broːŋʔ, *bɯː
涪 *bɯ
賠 *bɯː
陪 *bɯː
毰 *bɯː
焙 *bɯːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *boːʔ, *bɯː) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • pôe - literary;
  • pê - vernacular.
Rime
Character 培
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 灰 (42)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 薄回切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /buʌi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /buoi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /buɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /bwəj/
Li
Rong		 /buᴀi/
Wang
Li		 /buɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱuɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 péi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 pui4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 培
Reading # 2/2
No. 9865
Phonetic
component		 咅
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 裴
Old
Chinese		 /*bɯː/

Definitions

培

  1. (agriculture) to hill up; to earth up; to bank up
  2. to cultivate; to educate; to foster
  3. to bury
  4. a surname
Synonyms
  • (to hill up):
  • 培土 (péitǔ)
  • 培泥 (Zhao'an Hakka)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 培
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 侯 (137)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蒲口切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bəuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /bəuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /bəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /bəwX/
Li
Rong		 /buX/
Wang
Li		 /bəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bòu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 bau6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 培
Reading # 1/2
No. 9848
Phonetic
component		 咅
Rime
group		 侯
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 部
Old
Chinese		 /*boːʔ/

Definitions

培

  1. (archaic) small hill; barrow; grave

Compounds
  • 壘培／垒培

References

Japanese

Kanji
培

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. cultivate
  2. foster

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

培 (eumhun 북을 돋울 배 (bugeul dodul bae))

  1. Hanja form? of 배 (“bank up with dirt, raise, cultivate”).

培 (eumhun 언덕 부 (eondeok bu))

  1. Hanja form? of 부 (“hill, mound”).

Vietnamese

Han character

培: Hán Nôm readings: bồi, bổi, bòi, bụi, vùi

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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