天涯

Chinese

		day; sky; heaven	border; horizon; shore
simp. and trad. (天涯)		天	涯

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tiānyá

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢㄧㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tin¹ ngaai⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thiên-ngài
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): thian-gâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): tiêng¹ ngai⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tiānyá
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢㄧㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tianyá
  - Wade–Giles: tʻien¹-ya²
  - Yale: tyān-yá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianya
  - Palladius: тянья (tjanʹja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰjɛn⁵⁵ jä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tin¹ ngaai⁴
  - Yale: tīn ngàaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tin¹ ngaai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tin¹ ngai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːn⁵⁵ ŋaːi̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thiên-ngài
  - Hakka Romanization System: tien´ ngaiˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tian¹ ngai²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en²⁴ ŋai̯¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thian-gâi
  - Tâi-lô: thian-gâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tien'gaai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛn³³ ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ɡai¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡai²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tiêng¹ ngai⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thieng ngâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ ŋai⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /tʰen ŋˠiᴇ|ŋˠɛ/

Rime
Character	天	涯	涯
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	疑 (31)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	支 (13)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III	II
Fanqie	他前切	魚羈切	五佳切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰen/	/ŋˠiᴇ/	/ŋˠɛ/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰen/	/ŋᵚiɛ/	/ŋᵚæ/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛn/	/ŋiɛ/	/ŋæi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛn/	/ŋjiə̆/	/ŋaɨj/
Li Rong	/tʰen/	/ŋje/	/ŋɛ/
Wang Li	/tʰien/	/ŋǐe/	/ŋai/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰien/	/ŋie̯/	/ŋai/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiān	yí	yá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tin¹	ji⁴	ngaai⁴

Noun

天涯

(literary) far corners of the world; distant lands

Derived terms

咫尺天涯
地角天涯
天涯咫尺
天涯地角 (tiānyá dìjiǎo)
天涯海角 (tiānyá hǎijiǎo)
天涯知己

明日天涯
海角天涯
同是天涯淪落人／同是天涯沦落人 (tóng shì tiānyá lúnluòrén)
天涯何處無芳草／天涯何处无芳草 (tiānyá héchù wú fāngcǎo)
天涯若比鄰／天涯若比邻 (tiānyá ruò bǐlín)
浪跡天涯／浪迹天涯

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (天涯):

→ Japanese: 天涯(てんがい) (tengai)
→ Korean: 천애(天涯) (cheonae)

See also

天際／天际 (tiānjì)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
天	涯
てん Grade: 1	がい Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

天(てん)涯(がい) • (tengai)

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