央

See also: 中
央 U+592E, 央
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592E
← 夭
[U+592D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 夯 →
[U+592F]

Translingual

Han character

央 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 中月大 (LBK), four-corner 50030, composition ⿻冂大 or ⿻𠀃人)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 249, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5840
  • Dae Jaweon: page 508, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 524, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+592E

Chinese
trad. 央
simp. # 央

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 央
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (央) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鴦 *qaːŋ, *qaŋ
佒 *qaːŋ
咉 *qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
眏 *qaːŋ
姎 *qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
坱 *qaːŋʔ
映 *qaːŋʔ, *qraŋs
泱 *qaːŋʔ, *qaŋ
盎 *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
駚 *qaːŋʔ, *qaŋʔ
軮 *qaːŋʔ
醠 *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
央 *qaŋ
秧 *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ
殃 *qaŋ
鞅 *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
鉠 *qaŋ, *qraŋ
雵 *qaŋ
胦 *qaŋ, *qroːŋ
柍 *qaŋʔ
詇 *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs, *qraŋs
岟 *qaŋʔ
炴 *qaŋʔ
怏 *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
紻 *qaŋʔ
英 *qraŋ
瑛 *qraŋ
霙 *qraŋ
韺 *qraŋ
媖 *qraŋ
渶 *qraŋ
鶧 *qraŋ
楧 *qraŋ
暎 *qraŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 大 (“man”) + 冂 (“pole”) - a man carrying a pole with its middle on his shoulder.

Etymology

於 (OC ʔa) plus terminative suffix *-ŋ, hence literally "to get to be in the middle" (Schuessler, 2007). See 於 (OC ʔa) for further etymology.

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • yông - literary;
  • ông - vernacular (limited, e.g. 中央).
Note:
  • iong - literary;
  • iang - literary (all sense in Zhangzhou, “to beg” in Xiamen and mainstream Taiwanese);
  • ng - vernacular (limited, e.g. 中央).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 央
Mandarin Beijing /iɑŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /iaŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iɑŋ²¹/
Jinan /iaŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /iaŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iaŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /iaŋ²¹/
Xining /iɔ̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iɑŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /iɑ̃³¹/
Ürümqi /iɑŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /iã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /iaŋ³¹/
Hefei /iɑ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /iɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /iɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iã⁵³/
Suzhou /iã⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiɑŋ³³/
Wenzhou /j̠i³³/
Hui Shexian /ia³¹/
Tunxi /iau¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ian³³/
Xiangtan /ian³³/
Gan Nanchang /iɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ioŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /oŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jœŋ⁵³/
Nanning /jœŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jœŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /iɔŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /yoŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /iɔŋ⁵⁴/
/ɔŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /iaŋ³³/
/ŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /iaŋ²³/
/o²³/
Rime
Character 央
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔɨaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiaŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yāng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 joeng1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 央 央
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yāng yāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjang › ‹ ʔjang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔaŋ/ /*ʔaŋ/
English end (v.) center (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 央
Reading # 1/1
No. 14488
Phonetic
component		 央
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 央
Old
Chinese		 /*qaŋ/

Definitions

央

  1. center; middle
  2. to end; to finish
  3. to beg; to plead; to implore
  4. (alt. form 殃) calamity; disaster
  5. a surname

Pronunciation 2

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 央
Mandarin Beijing /iɑŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /iaŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iɑŋ²¹/
Jinan /iaŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /iaŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iaŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /iaŋ²¹/
Xining /iɔ̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iɑŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /iɑ̃³¹/
Ürümqi /iɑŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /iã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /iaŋ³¹/
Hefei /iɑ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /iɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /iɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iã⁵³/
Suzhou /iã⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiɑŋ³³/
Wenzhou /j̠i³³/
Hui Shexian /ia³¹/
Tunxi /iau¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ian³³/
Xiangtan /ian³³/
Gan Nanchang /iɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ioŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /oŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jœŋ⁵³/
Nanning /jœŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jœŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /iɔŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /yoŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /iɔŋ⁵⁴/
/ɔŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /iaŋ³³/
/ŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /iaŋ²³/
/o²³/

Definitions

央

  1. †Only used in 央央.

Compounds
  • 中央黨部／中央党部
  • 央央戧戧／央央戗戗
  • 央帶／央带
  • 央戧／央戗
  • 央浼營幹／央浼营干
  • 央煩／央烦
  • 央託／央托 (yāngtuō)
  • 央請／央请
  • 念央兒／念央儿
  • 未央宮／未央宫 (Wèiyāng Gōng)
  • 東央西告／东央西告
  • 無央／无央
  • 長樂未央／长乐未央

Japanese

Kanji
央

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
央
おう
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 央 (MC ʔɨɐŋ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [o̞ː]

Affix

央(おう) • (ō) ←あう (au)?

  1. centre, middle
  2. (US) Short for 央州 (“Oregon (a state of the United States)”).

Derived terms
Derived terms

Proper noun

央(あたる) • (Ataru) 

  1. a male given name

央(おう) • (Ō) 

  1. a male given name

央(とおる) • (Tōru) 

  1. a male given name

央(なかば) • (Nakaba) 

  1. a male given name

央(ひさし) • (Hisashi) 

  1. a male given name

央(ひろし) • (Hiroshi) 

  1. a male given name

央(よう) • (Yō) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

央 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

央: Hán Nôm readings: ương, trân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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