水母

Chinese

		water; river	female; mother
simp. and trad. (水母)		水	母

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Why "mother"?”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shuǐmǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄇㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi² mou⁵
Min Nan (POJ): chúi-bú / chúi-bó

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shuǐmǔ [Phonetic: shuímǔ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄇㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shuěimǔ
  - Wade–Giles: shui³-mu³
  - Yale: shwěi-mǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shoeimuu
  - Palladius: шуйму (šujmu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂweɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: seoi² mou⁵
  - Yale: séui móuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soey² mou⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêu² mou⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯³⁵ mou̯¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chúi-bú
  - Tâi-lô: tsuí-bú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuy'buo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chúi-bó
  - Tâi-lô: tsuí-bó
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuy'boir
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɤ⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɕˠiuɪ^X məu^X/

Rime
Character	水	母
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	脂 (18)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	式軌切	莫厚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕˠiuɪ^X/	/məu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕʷᵚi^X/	/məu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiuɪ^X/	/məu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕjwi^X/	/məw^X/
Li Rong	/ɕjui^X/	/mu^X/
Wang Li	/ɕwi^X/	/məu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕwi^X/	/mə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuǐ	mǒu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi²	mau⁵

Noun

水母

jellyfish (Classifier: 隻／只; 條／条)

Synonyms

海蜇 (hǎizhé)
(Cantonese) 白鮓／白鲊
(Min Nan) 海䖳, 石鏡／石镜

Derived terms

僧帽水母 (sēngmào shuǐmǔ)
海月水母

海蛇水母
水母目蝦／水母目虾

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (水母):

→ Japanese: 水(すい)母(ぼ) (suibo)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
水	母
くらげ
Grade: 1	Grade: 2
jukujikun

Alternative spelling
海月

⟨kurage₁⟩ → */kuraᵑɡʲe/ → /kuraɡe/

From Old Japanese. The kanji is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) くらげ [kùrágé] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ᵝɾa̠ɡe̞]

Noun

水母(くらげ) • (kurage)

(zoology) a jellyfish, medusa

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as クラゲ.

Derived terms

行(アン)灯(ドン)水母(クラゲ) (andon kurage)
瓜(ウリ)水母(クラゲ) (urikurage)
帯(オビ)水母(クラゲ) (obikurage)
銀(ギン)貨(カ)水母(クラゲ) (ginka kurage)
櫛(クシ)水母(クラゲ) (kushikurage)
象(ゾウ)水母(クラゲ) (zōkurage)
電(デン)気(キ)水母(クラゲ) (denki kurage)
鉢(ハチ)水母(クラゲ) (hachikurage)
花(ハナ)笠(ガサ)水母(クラゲ) (hanagasa kurage)
備(ビ)前(ゼン)水母(クラゲ) (Bizen kurage)
水(ミズ)水母(クラゲ) (mizukurage)

Idioms

水母(くらげ)の骨(ほね) (kurage no hone, “jellyfish bones → something exceedingly rare; something that one would not expect to exist”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
水	母
すい Grade: 1	ぼ Grade: 2
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 水母 (MC ɕˠiuɪ^X məu^X).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) すいぼ [súꜜìbò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [sɨᵝibo̞]

Noun

水(すい)母(ぼ) • (suibo)

a jellyfish

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
水	母

Noun

水母 • (sumo) (hangeul 수모)

Hanja form^? of 수모 (“jellyfish”).

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN