烏賊

See also: 乌贼

Chinese
 
a crow; black; not
a crow; black; not; empty; void
 thief
trad. (烏賊) 烏 賊
simp. (乌贼) 乌 贼
alternative forms 烏鰂／乌鲗
鰞鰂／鰞鲗
鰞鱡
烏鱡／乌鱡

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 烏 賊
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 登 (131)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 哀都切 昨則切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔuo/ /d͡zək̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔuo/ /d͡zək̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔo/ /d͡zək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔɔ/ /d͡zək̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʔo/ /d͡zək̚/
Wang
Li		 /u/ /d͡zək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔuo/ /d͡zʱək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 wū zé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 wu1 zak6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 烏 烏 烏 賊
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 wū wū wū zéi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔu › ‹ ʔu › ‹ ʔu › ‹ dzok ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ʔ]ˁa/ /*qˁa/ /*ʔˁa/ /*k.dzˁək/
English oh! crow, raven; black 烏桓, 烏丸 Wūhuán: Avars (W. Hàn) injure; murderer, bandit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 烏 賊
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 13077 16596
Phonetic
component		 烏 則
Rime
group		 魚 職
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 烏 賊
Old
Chinese		 /*qaː/ /*zɯːɡ/

Noun

烏賊

  1. cuttlefish (Classifier: 隻／只)

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 烏賊 (“cuttlefish”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 烏賊, 墨魚, 墨斗魚
Mandarin Beijing 墨斗兒魚
Taiwan 烏賊, 花枝, 墨魚
Langfang 墨斗兒魚
Tangshan 墨斗兒
Cangzhou 墨斗兒魚
Baoding 墨斗兒魚
Shijiazhuang 墨斗兒魚
Daming 墨斗兒魚
Harbin 烏魚, 墨斗子
Yantai (Muping) 蛸
Jinan 烏賊魚, 烏賊
Lanzhou 烏賊
Xining 墨魚
Ürümqi 墨魚
Wuhan 墨魚
Guiyang 墨魚
Liuzhou 墨魚
Xuzhou 烏賊, 墨魚
Yangzhou 烏賊魚
Nanjing 烏賊魚, 烏賊
Singapore 墨魚
Cantonese Guangzhou 墨魚
Hong Kong 墨魚
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 墨魚
Macau 墨魚
Guangzhou (Panyu) 墨魚
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 墨魚
Guangzhou (Conghua) 墨魚
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 墨魚
Foshan 墨魚
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 墨魚
Foshan (Shunde) 墨魚
Foshan (Sanshui) 墨魚
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 墨魚
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 墨魚
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 墨魚
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 墨魚
Zhuhai (Doumen) 墨魚
Jiangmen (Baisha) 墨魚
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 墨魚
Taishan 墨魚
Kaiping (Chikan) 墨魚
Enping (Niujiang) 墨魚
Heshan (Yayao) 墨魚
Dongguan 墨魚
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 墨魚
Gan Nanchang 墨魚
Lichuan 墨魚, 木殼
Pingxiang 墨魚
Hakka Meixian 墨魚
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 墨魚
Dongguan (Qingxi) 墨魚
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 墨魚
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 墨魚, 墨斗仔
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 墨魚
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 墨魚
Conghua (Lütian) 墨魚
Yudu 墨魚
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 墨斗魚
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 墨斗魚
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 墨斗魚, 墨斗
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 墨斗魚
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 墨斗魚
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 墨斗魚
Singkawang 墨斗
Jin Taiyuan 烏賊魚, 烏賊
Zhangjiakou 烏賊
Handan 烏賊
Min Bei Jian'ou 墨魚仔
Min Dong Fuzhou 墨魚
Min Nan Xiamen 墨賊
Quanzhou 墨賊
Zhangzhou 墨賊
Taipei 墨賊
New Taipei (Sanxia) 墨賊仔
Kaohsiung 墨賊仔
Yilan 墨賊
Changhua (Lukang) 墨賊
Taichung 墨賊仔
Tainan 墨賊, 墨賊仔, 花枝
Hsinchu 墨賊仔
Kinmen 墨賊
Penghu (Magong) 墨賊
Singapore (Hokkien) 墨賊, 墨斗, 花枝
Manila (Hokkien) 墨賊, 花枝
Shantou 墨斗
Shantou (Chenghai) 墨斗
Nan'ao (Houzhai) 墨斗
Nan'ao (Yun'ao) 墨賊
Jieyang 墨斗
Haikou 墨賊
Min Zhong Yong'an 墨魚
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 墨魚
Sanxiang 墨魚
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 墨魚
Wu Shanghai 烏賊魚
Shanghai (Chongming) 烏賊
Suzhou 烏賊魚
Danyang 烏賊魚
Hangzhou 烏賊魚, 烏賊
Ningbo 烏賊
Wenzhou 烏賊
Xiang Changsha 墨斗魚

Derived terms
  • 烏賊車／乌贼车

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
烏 賊
いか
Jinmeiyō Grade: S
jukujikun
Alternative spellings
鰞 (rare)
魷 (rare)
鰂 (rare)
柔魚 (rare)
墨魚 (rare)

Etymology

From Old Japanese. First cited to the 播磨風土記 (Satsuma Fudoki) of 715.[1]

Ultimate derivation uncertain. Derivations from within Japanese include:

Outside of Japanese, compare also Hawaiian iʻa, Maori ika (“fish, marine animal in general”), in turn ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *Sikan (“fish”).

The kanji is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 烏賊／乌贼 (wūzéi, literally “crow + murderer / thief”). According to the 和名類聚抄 (Wamyō Ruijushō) of 938, the spelling was chosen for the way that certain squid would feign death and float motionless on the surface near shore, and when a crow would come to pick up the "dead" squid, the squid would instead grab the crow and drag it underwater.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

烏賊(いか) • (ika) 

  1. [from 715] a squid (sea animal), a cuttlefish

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 障泥烏賊(あおりいか) (aoriika)
  • 凧(いか) (ika), 紙鳶(いか) (ika, “kite”)
  • 烏賊刺(いかさ)し (ikasashi)
  • 烏賊墨(いかすみ) (ikasumi)
  • 烏賊素麺(いかそうめん) (ikasōmen)
  • 烏賊釣(いかつ)り (ikatsuri)
  • 烏賊徳利(いかどっくり) (ikadokkuri)
  • 烏賊(いか)の甲(こう) (ika no kō)
  • 烏賊(いか)の墨(すみ) (ika no sumi)
  • 凧(いかのぼり) (ikanobori), 紙鳶(いかのぼり) (ikanobori, “kite”)
  • 卯(う)の花烏賊(はないか) (unohanaika)
  • 雷烏賊(かみなりいか) (kaminariika)
  • 剣先烏賊(けんさきいか) (kensakiika)
  • 甲烏賊(こういか) (kōika)
  • 桜烏賊(さくらいか) (sakuraika)
  • 尻焼烏賊(しりやけいか) (shiriyakeika)
  • 陣胴烏賊(じんどういか) (jindōika)
  • 墨烏賊(すみいか) (sumiika)
  • 鯣烏賊(するめいか) (surumeika)
  • 大王烏賊(だいおういか) (daiōika, “giant squid”)
  • 蛸烏賊(たこいか) (takoika)
  • 団子烏賊(だんごいか) (dangoika)
  • 鳶烏賊(とびいか) (tobiika)
  • 伸(の)し烏賊(いか) (noshiika), 熨斗烏賊(のしいか) (noshiika)
  • 花烏賊(はないか) (hanaika)
  • 針烏賊(はりいか) (hariika)
  • 蛍烏賊(ほたるいか) (hotaruika)
  • 真烏賊(まいか) (maika)
  • 松烏賊(まついか) (matsuika)
  • 松笠烏賊(まつかさいか) (matsukasaika)
  • 水烏賊(みずいか) (mizuika)
  • 耳烏賊(みみいか) (mimiika)
  • 紋甲烏賊(もんごういか) (mongōika)
  • 槍烏賊(やりいか) (yariika)
  • 幽霊烏賊(ゆうれいいか) (yūreiika)

References
  1. “烏賊”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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