狎

狎	U+72CE, 狎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72CE

← 狍
[U+72CD]

CJK Unified Ideographs

狏 →
[U+72CF]

Translingual

Han character

狎 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹田中 (KHWL), four-corner 4625₀, composition ⿰犭甲)

be familiar with
disrespect

References

KangXi: page 708, character 25

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20329

Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 9

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1339, character 10

Unihan data for U+72CE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		狎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甲) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
笚	ʔl'aːb, ɡraːb
閘	klaːb, sɡreːb, *qraːb
鉀	klaːb, kraːb
甲	*kraːb
胛	*kraːb
岬	*kraːb
押	kraːb, qraːb
玾	*kraːb
呷	*qʰraːb
匣	*ɡraːb
狎	*ɡraːb
柙	*ɡraːb
翈	*ɡraːb
炠	*ɡraːb
鴨	*qraːb
庘	*qraːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡraːb) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiá (xia²)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haap⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siá
  - Wade–Giles: hsia²
  - Yale: syá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
  - Palladius: ся (sja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: haap⁶
  - Yale: haahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hab⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːp̚²/

Middle Chinese: /ɦˠap̚/

Rime
Character	狎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	銜 (150)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	胡甲切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠap̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚap̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣap̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨp̚/
Li Rong	/ɣap̚/
Wang Li	/ɣap̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣap̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haap⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤr[a]p/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡraːb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	狎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiá
Middle Chinese	‹ hæp ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁr[a]p/
English	disrespectful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	狎
Reading #	1/1
No.	5939
Phonetic component	甲
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	狎
Old Chinese	/*ɡraːb/

Definitions

狎

(literary) to be used to; to be familiar with
(literary) to get close to; to become intimate with
- 賢者狎而敬之，畏而愛之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  贤者狎而敬之，畏而爱之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Xiánzhě xiá ér jìng zhī, wèi ér ài zhī. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
(literary) to slight; to neglect
(literary) to tease; to play tricks on

Compounds

狎侮
狎信
狎客
狎弄
狎玩

狎邪 (xiáxié)
相狎
狎昵
狎暱／狎昵

狎翫／狎玩
狎褻／狎亵
狎語／狎语
狎遊／狎游

Japanese

Kanji

狎

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)^{←げふ (gefu, historical)}

Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}

Kun: あなどる (anadoru, 狎る); なれる (nareru, 狎れる)

Korean

Hanja

狎 • (ap) (hangeul 압, revised ap, McCune–Reischauer ap, Yale ap)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

狎: Hán Nôm readings: hiệp, hạp

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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